Who Were The First Evangelists?

Around this time of year we hear the Christmas story with all the familiar elements that make up our traditional scene.

We have no doubt heard it since childhood and because we have become so used to its retelling, we may never really stop to think about it or ponder on some obvious questions; and if we do have questions, we’ve probably just put them out of our minds.

Luke 2:8 “And there were shepherds in the same country abiding in the field, and keeping watch by night over their flock.”

Shepherds  – רָעַוָתָא  Ra’ata   Resh, Ayin Vav Taw Aleph

These questions could be:

Why was the night watch so important that the Bible made sure to mention it?

When did the shepherds sleep if they stayed up all night watching their sheep?

More significant ones are: Why did the angels appear to this particular group of shepherds

and

why to shepherds in the first place?

Why were there a group of shepherds, didn’t shepherds work alone?

Some answers  have been offered such as:

they watched by night during certain times of the year.

Shepherds often let their sheep graze together, which apparently is not true.

The often given explanation as to why God chose to reveal the birth of His Son to shepherds, is because shepherds were the lowest class of people, sometimes criminals and outcasts; being that they were filthy, dirty scum of the earth types.

This doesn’t sit well if we are to remember that Yeshua/Jesus called Himself the shepherd of the sheep and if that is a true description, why would we want to call Yeshua/Jesus our shepherd, or our pastor our shepherd?

The reasoning behind the description of shepherds as scum of the earth, is possibly because of their job. They were always ‘ceremonially unclean’, and were therefore not permitted to participate in the Temple proceedings, etc. It does seem ironic, that the ones who cared for the sacrificial lambs were not allowed in. However, they had the honor to be the first to see our Heavenly Fathers’ perfect sacrificial Lamb.

Messiah Jesus/Yeshua had two roles to fulfill :

First as the suffering Servant/Lamb of God and

Second as the victorious King.

The shepherds saw Him as the sinless Lamb of God and later

the wise men saw him as King of Kings;

both of His roles were seen and declared.

Matthew 2:11 shows that Jesus/Yeshua was in Bethlehem when the Wise Men visited Him, He was in a house and is described as a child, rather than a baby who was just born.

Shepherds were not considered the scum of the earth in Middle Eastern culture. Often a shepherd was a young teenager, usually the youngest of the family who was given the responsibility of keeping watch over the family’s prized possessions. Large herds equalled wealth in those days. Many great men of God are recorded as starting out as shepherds, just as David was in 1Sam. 17:34. But David persisted. I have been taking care of my father’s sheep and goats.

 If there was no son were available sometimes a daughter would be given the responsibility, (Rachel watering her fathers flocks); and if not, an honest reliable outsider would be hired. By studying ancient cultures it seems clear that being a shepherd was a well-respected profession.  So the thinking that our Father sent His angels to announce the birth of His Son to the lowest men in society just doesn’t seem right?

In biblical narratives, shepherds hold a distinguished symbolic significance, epitomizing virtues such as leadership, care, and divine guidance. The role of shepherds is exemplified in the story of King David, who transitions from a shepherd boy to the king of Israel.

His shepherding background symbolizes his capability for leadership and his role as a protector and provider for his people. Similarly, the shepherds who were among the first to witness the birth of Yeshua/Jesus highlight themes of humility and the inclusion of all societal layers in significant religious events.

These portrayals affirm the shepherds’ intrinsic worth and moral integrity, positioning them as key figures in the manifestation of divine plans.

Despite their positive portrayal in scripture, shepherds are subject to negative societal attitudes. Historically, shepherds were marginalized and considered unclean due to their constant contact with animals and the nomadic nature of their work, which kept them at the fringes of settled society. This attitude presents a stark contrast to their exalted biblical roles.

This is a profound paradox: while scripture lifts up shepherds, society devalues them, pointing to a significant difference between spiritual values and what is normal in society. In turn, this serves to increase the message in scripture of humility and divine favor, which exceeds any prejudices or social status.

7462 [e]
rō·‘îm

רֹעִ֖ים
the shepherds
V‑Qal‑Prtcpl‑mp

Genesis 48:15 
HEB: וְיִצְחָ֔ק הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ הָרֹעֶ֣ה אֹתִ֔י מֵעוֹדִ֖י
NAS: The God who has been my shepherd all
KJV: the God which fed me all my life long
INT: and Isaac the God has been my shepherd my life against

The word shepherd that is used in this passage in Luke 2:8, is the Greek word poimenes which means:

to feed or to protect.

It is also a word for pastures

as that is where the shepherd feeds his sheep.

The Latin word for shepherd is pastor 

as in pasture

where we get the idea that:

our pastor is our shepherd whose job it is to spiritually feed his flock/congregation.

Luke 2:8 N-NMP
GRK: Καὶ ποιμένες ἦσαν ἐν
NAS: region there were [some] shepherds staying out in the fields
KJV: country shepherds abiding in the field,
INT: And shepherds were in

Luke 2:15 N-NMP
GRK: ἄγγελοι οἱ ποιμένες ἐλάλουν πρὸς
NAS: from them into heaven, the shepherds [began] saying
INT: angels the shepherds said to

7462 Strong’s Lexicon

ra’ah: To shepherd, to tend, to pasture, to feed

Original Word: רָעָה

Transliteration: ra`ah

Pronunciation: rah-AH

Phonetic Spelling: (raw-aw’)

Definition: To shepherd, to tend, to pasture, to feed

Meaning: to tend a, flock, pasture it, in, to graze, to rule, to associate with

Corresponding Greek – G4165

(ποιμαίνω, poimainō): To shepherd, to tend

– G4166 (ποιμήν, poimēn): Shepherd

The Hebrew verb “ra’ah” primarily means:

“to shepherd” or “to tend.”

It is used in the context of caring for and guiding sheep, which involves leading them to pasture, protecting them from harm, and ensuring their well-being. This term is often used metaphorically in scripture to describe leadership, guidance, and care, particularly in a spiritual or community context.

In ancient Israel, shepherding was a common occupation and an essential part of the agrarian lifestyle. Shepherds were responsible for the welfare of their flocks, which were vital for providing wool, milk, and meat. The imagery of shepherding is deeply embedded in the cultural and religious life of Israel, symbolizing leadership, provision, and protection. This metaphor is frequently applied to God as the divine Shepherd of Israel and to leaders who are expected to care for their people as a shepherd cares for his sheep.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

  1. רָעָה167 verb pasture, tend, graze (Assyrian rê°û, verb pasture, noun ruler, Tel Amarna ru—i (as Canaanism) WklNo. 181, 11; Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic רְעָא,

These shepherds in Luke were called

good shepherds because they were

keeping watch over their flocks by night.

So what does good shepherds and

keeping watch really mean?

To answer the meaning of good shepherds we recall Messiah called Himself the Good Shepherd

“I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.” John 10:14-15

and Psalm 23 The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want…..

is possibly the most well known of all Psalms and in it we find some answers:

For both animal shepherds and Messiah as our Good Shepherd, a good shepherd provides rest and nourishment, leading his flock to green pastures and still waters; which symbolizes a place of abundance and provision where we find spiritual sustenance.

The good experienced shepherd guides his flock to still waters, signifying his role in leading us to a place of peace and safety, true shalom. We all need times of spiritual refreshment and tranquillity under the care of the watchful guard.

The presence of the Good Shepherd brings peaceful assurance, joy and contentment. In the same way that sheep rest in the presence of their shepherd, we find that serene calm and security in Messiah, and are able to find His direction for our lives  trusting in Him. He will never lead us into danger and we are not to fear for He knows the way we will take.

The Good Shepherd guides us along the right or righteous path, which reflects our Heavenly Fathers’ character and faithfulness. Righteousness, can only be found through Messiah by aligning ourselves with Him and ultimately experiencing His shalom peace that passes all understanding.

 

Why was the birth of Messiah revealed to shepherds and to these shepherds in particular and why were they grouped together?

The answer to that may be in the Jewish Talmud.

Talmud and Midrash, a commentary and interpretative writings that hold a place in the Jewish religious tradition second only to the Bible (Old Testament).The Hebrew term Talmud (“study” or “learning”) commonly refers to a compilation of ancient teachings regarded as sacred and normative by Jews from the time it was compiled until modern times.

It is recorded that the lambs/sheep which were to be used for the daily sacrifice in the temple were to be fed in the pastures in Bethlehem.

These particular pastures were owned by the temple specifically for the raising of the yearling lambs.

The seh or  sacrificial lambs.

Seh is the word most often associated with lambs that were used in the ancient Hebrew system of sacrifice and atonement (see Exodus 34:19-20, Leviticus 5, Leviticus 12

Strong’s Hebrew: 7716. שֶׂה (seh) — Lamb, sheep, goat

The “lamb” is SEH (shin-hey),

and is in masculine form with masculine verbs.

Therefore, the “lambIS a “ram“, rendered from

AYIL (alap-yodh-lamed).

Strong’s Hebrew: 352. אָ֫יִל (ayil) — ram

Hebrew Word: Lya

Transliterated Word: ‘ayil

Recalling Abrahams directive for the sacrifice, slain in ceremony of ratification of covenant between the Lord God & Abraham in Genesis 15:9……. here is something interesting.

When the male lamb is just part of the flock it is called SEH,

but when it is set apart for sacrifice (as a male lamb)

it then “graduates” to the word AYIL.

We also have to remember that God Himself never said on that particular day He would provide anything, let alone a lamb. In Genesis 22:8 Avraham replied, “God will provide himself the lamb for a burnt offering, my son”; and they both went on together. Abraham and Isaac said it! Abraham trusted YHWH to provide a sacrifice, which is we need to focus on.

These sheep in the Bethlehem fields/pasture had a team of shepherds not just one, looking after them, and they were most likely from the priestly tribe of Levi, providing watches around the clock.

These shepherds were not wandering nomads and were not fast asleep on the ground, the scripture clearly says they were watching their sheep by night. The lyrics to some of the songs we sing are often artistic license and not based in facts, so we get a wrong picture of true events.

There were four night watches where the shepherds worked in shifts; the evening watch: 9 pm. to midnight, the midnight watch: 12 – 3 am., the cock crowing watch: 3am. – 6am. and the morning watch: 6am -9am. .

Note the name of the 3rd watch – the cock crowing watch, when Messiah said to Peter before the cock crows ,or the cock crowing watch, not when a rooster calls!

The Greek words used here is

phulassontes phuloakas

which literally means

guarding in the guardhouses of the night.

5442 [e]
phylassontes
φυλάσσοντες
keeping
V-PPA-NMP

5438 [e]
phylakas
φυλακὰς
watch
N-AFP

5422 phulassó: To guard, to keep, to watch over, to protect, to observe

Original Word: φυλάσσω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: phulassó
Pronunciation: foo-las’-so
Phonetic Spelling: (foo-las’-so)
Definition: To guard, to keep, to watch over, to protect, to observe
Meaning: (a) I guard, protect; mid: I am on my guard, (b) act. and mid. of customs and regulations: I keep, observe.

Derived from the Greek word φύλαξ (phulax), meaning “a guard” or “watchman.”

phulaké: Guard, watch, prison, custody

Original Word: φυλακή
Transliteration: phulaké
Pronunciation: foo-lak-ay’
Phonetic Spelling: (foo-lak-ay’)
Definition: Guard, watch, prison, custody
Meaning: a watching, keeping guard; a guard, prison; imprisonment.

Derived from the Greek verb φυλάσσω (phulassō),

meaning “to guard” or “to watch.”

 H4929 מִשְׁמָר (mishmar): Guard, watch, prisonThe Greek word “phulaké” primarily refers to a place of guarding or confinement, such as a prison or a watch post. It can also denote the act of keeping watch or being on guard. In the New Testament, it is used both literally, to describe physical imprisonment or custody, and metaphorically, to describe spiritual vigilance or the act of keeping watch.

The shepherds in Bethlehem who were guarding and not just simply watching, these sacrificial lambs 24 hours a day; and when not on their watch, they slept in guard houses built for that purpose called Migdal ‘Eder.

 Below are pictures of these migdal eders, agricultural watchtowers, some photographed in the last century (ca. 1900-1920). Note the stair on the near side with a seated man near the top, the brush covered turret, and the arched doors leading into enclosed rooms beneath where they would have cared for the new born lambs.

The Hebrew caption (top right) suggests, “A Watchtower from the hills of Samaria.

Migdal ‘Eder 

is a transliteration of the Semitic phrase for

“fort of the flock.”

Such forts or towers are found in the biblical text.

A migdol  –

possibly from the Akkadian madgaltu,

watchtower or border post;

offers a place of refuge, safety, and a vantage point. Remains of these dry-stacked stone structures may still be seen in rural Israel. Local Arab speakers call them qusoor or palaces. They often appear as rock piles in terraced fields, but nowhere as numerous as in the hills around Bethlehem. Interesting that if Messiah was born in a Migdal Eder it is also called a palace! A perfect place for a King!

 

Below are some plans and elevations of tower types in the area immediately west of Bethlehem. 

 

  A sacrificial lamb had to be without spot or blemish so they required extra special care and only the very best shepherds were chosen to watch/guard them.

In the Peshitta, the Aramaic word for

shepherd is ra’a.

This comes from a Semitic root and it expresses:

the idea of a deep passion. 

These are the

good shepherds

the ones who feel such passion for their sheep and their duty to watch and guard

these sheep

that they would literally

lay down their lives for these sheep.

Yeshua/Jesus as the good shepherd

was and is a ra’a.

Why did the angels appear to them around the midnight watch between 12 and 3am. which is known as the most difficult watch, during these hours it is the hardest to stay awake? Today in modern terms its known as the graveyard watch. There is an ancient Hebrew tradition that the Messiah would come at midnight. If they were from the tribe of Levi, this they would have been aware of; and with that in mind it’s also a possibility that Messiah was born at midnight. It is quite possible that Mary and Joseph passed by these fields in Bethlehem.

We have to look at the fact here that for these dedicated ra’a shepherds, to decide to leave their seh – sacrificial lambs, they must have been convinced that they were going to worship the true ra’a shepherd and seh – sacrificial lamb. Could it mean that they realized that there was no longer a need for those seh – sacrificial lambs because the real life long awaited seh – sacrificial lamb had come and their job was no longer needed?

 

 Micah 4:8 tells us exactly where He would be born. It was in

“the tower of the flock”.

This was a stone tower about 3 stories high, the ground floor was a birthing room which was safe from weather and predators, This area was always kept ritually clean and set aside just for the birthing of the lambs.

Literally thousands of lambs were born swaddled and cared for the same way before they were inspected to check for perfection, just as Messiah Himself would be examined before His sacrificial death. Our Heavenly Father gave us many prophetic pictures of what, how and where His son would be born, so it would seem that Micah prophecy came to pass, He was born in the

tower of the flock, Migdal Eder.

מִגְדַּל־עֵ֫דֶר, mig-dal-e-der;

There is one more thing that may be true, let the reader decide, Why did the angels made reference to the swaddling of Yeshua/Jesus? New born babies were washed and salted and swaddled and these new born lambs were swaddled. They used the strips of cloth from the priests garments which were regularly replaced because they were stained with the blood from the sacrificial lambs; cloth was expensive in those days, so they were repurposed for the sacrificial lambs. These may have been the strips of swaddling clothes that Jesus/Yeshua was wrapped in and probably the only human baby to have that done to Him it would certainly explain why it was a SIGN to them that He was the prophesied Savior. Strips from the priests blood stained garments who made the sacrifices for sin, swaddled the Messiah who came to shed His blood as the perfect atonement sacrifice for sin, for all mankind, for all time.

2099 [e]
euangelistas
εὐαγγελιστάς  ,
evangelists
N-AMP

Strong’s Lexicon

euaggelistés: Evangelist

Original Word: εὐαγγελιστής
Transliteration: euaggelistés
Pronunciation: yoo-ang-ghel-is-TACE
Phonetic Spelling: (yoo-ang-ghel-is-tace’)
Definition: Evangelist
Meaning: an evangelist, a missionary, bearer of good tidings.

Derived from the Greek word

εὐαγγέλιον (euaggelion),

meaning “good news” or “gospel.”

While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for

“evangelist,”

the concept of proclaiming good news

is present in the Hebrew Scriptures,

such as in the role of a

“messenger” (מַלְאָךְ, mal’akh) or “herald” (מְבַשֵּׂר, mevaser).

The term “euaggelistés” refers to a proclaimer of the gospel, one who announces the good news of Jesus Christ. In the New Testament, an evangelist is someone who is specifically gifted and called to spread the message of salvation through Christ. This role is distinct from that of apostles, prophets, pastors, and teachers, though it shares the common goal of edifying the body of Christ and expanding the Kingdom of God.

STRONGS NT 2099: εὐαγγελιστής

εὐαγγελιστής, εὐαγγελιστοῦ, ὁ (εὐαγγελίζω),

a Biblical and ecclesiastical word, 

a bringer of good tidings,

an evangelist(Vulg.evangelista).

This name is given in the N. T. to those

heralds of salvation through Christ who are not apostles:

 Acts 21:8Ephesians 4:112 Timothy 4:5.

Evangelists are proclaimers of the Good News they are those who impart an effective witness for King Messiah, so that people turn from sin and accept Gods forgiveness through His Messiah.

As we have seen the lambs that were sacrificed in the Temple, were raised in close proximity to Jerusalem, in a Little Town called Bethlehem. The very same place where Messiah, the Lamb of God who took away the sins of the world was born.

The bible records in Luke 2 that… “While shepherds watched their flocks by night . . . ” Not just any shepherd’s or any flocks, but the lambs destined to be offered up in the Temple of Jerusalem as sacrifices, atonement, for the sins of the people.

That’s why the first ones to witness the birth of Yeshua/Jesus were the shepherds, because when a sacrificial lamb is born, the shepherds attend its birth. Not just any shepherd’s, but the shepherds of Bethlehem, the shepherds appointed to attended the birth of the sacrificial lambs. So the Lamb of God was born among the sacrificial lambs for the same reason, to be sacrificed in Jerusalem.

The plan of God was there from the beginning, and the Prophet Micah foretold His birth place centuries before. The entire purpose of His life was a sacrificial gift of love for all mankind. His entire life, even from the moment of His birth, was orchestrated to reflect His love for the world. Yeshua/Jesus’s entire life was a living sacrifice, every moment a gift given, the incarnation of true love.

Messiah came at a time when the Temple was still standing, when the priesthood of Israel was still in effect. The sons of Aaron had charge over the sacrifices and confirmed that each sacrifice was spotless and without blemish so it would follow that these shepherds were part of the tribe of the levitical priesthood assigned to the raising of the sacrificial lambs.

And when they had seen it, they made known abroad the saying which was told them concerning this child…

So it seems that the sons of Aaron had charge over the sacrifices and confirmed that each sacrifice was spotless and without blemish. However, shouldn’t there have been some connection, some recognition given by the priests, of Yeshua/Jesus being the final and ultimate sacrifice?

There was, born to the cohanim, to the house of Aaron, a child who was not only a priest, but one descended from Aaron on both his father’s and mother’s line, a pure-blooded priest. The child was given the name Yochanan.  We know him as John the Baptist. It was John who presented the Lamb, Yeshua/Jesus the Messiah, the final sacrifice, to Israel. It was the cohanim who identified the sacrifice and certified that it was acceptable to be sacrificed. Thirty years later it was Yochanan, John, His cousin, who first identified Yeshua/Jesus as the acceptable sacrifice, the sacrificial Lamb. It was John who declared the prophetic fulfillment,Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.”

So it would seem from the scriptures that the

first non human evangelists were the angels

and the

first human evangelists were these shepherds,

the very ones whose responsibility was to care for protect and make ready the lambs for the Temple sacrifices. 

https://www.minimannamoments.com/a-lambs-tale-and-a-mysterious-tower/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/because-he-came/

Shalom, shalom mishpachah/family

and cheverim/friends!

It’s all about Life and Relationship,

NOT Religion.

You are greatly loved and precious in His sight.

NOT SURE?

YOU CAN BE..

SAY THE FOLLOWING FROM YOUR HEART RIGHT NOW…

Heavenly Father I come to you in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua asking for forgiveness of my sins for which I am truly sorry. I repent of them all and turn away from my past.

I believe with my heart and confess with my mouth that Jesus/Yeshua is your Son and that He died on the cross at calvary to pay the price for my sin, so that I might be forgiven and have eternal life in the kingdom of Heaven. Father I believe that Jesus/Yeshua rose from the dead and I ask you to come into my life right now and be my personal Savior and Lord and I will worship you all the days of my life. Because your word is truth I say that I am now forgiven and born again and by faith I am washed clean with the blood of Jesus/Yeshua. Thank you that you have accepted me into your family in Jesus’/Yeshua’s name. Amen.

Christmas – Chanukkah

It’s not every year

that Christmas and Hanukkah

fall on the same dates.

This year they do,

beginning December 25th, Christmas day

and ending on January 2nd..

Hanukkah/Channukah is not as many may think of it as the Jewish Christmas, but rather a celebration in remembrance of the rededication of the temple.

Below are links to several posts from previous years describing its origins and meaning to us today and explaining things such as: there are 9 candles on the hanukkah menorah, not 7…

https://www.minimannamoments.com/the-miracle-of-the-hammer-men/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/chanukah-or-hanukkah/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/hanukkahchanukah-believers-today/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/who-lights-up-your-life/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/lhahd-leek-ner-shel-chahookah-to-light-the-light

 

As a festival of lights it is

reminding us the Messiah came as

the light of the world that was shrouded in darkness.

Today with the Light of His indwelling Holy Spirit

we are the light of His truth

to a world which is still being influenced by the darkness

from an unseen realm.

During this Christmas/Chanukah Season, and always, may the LORD God of Israel/Yisrael help us walk in the unforgettable and irrepressible radiance of His glory. He came to us clothed in our humanity; as a baby He legally entered this realm. He came with one goal, to die, that by sacrificing His life for ours we may receive the ultimate ‘Chirstmas’ gift of forgiveness of sins and the promise of eternal life. 

We are to shine our light pointing to the Redeemer and the One Who can shatter that darkness in our lives. He said in John 12:32

And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto myself.

May the true shalom of our Heavenly Father and His Messiah overshadow all of us today and every day.

Don’t leave this page until you are certain in your heart that the Messiah Yeshua/Jesus is the Light of your world.

We all need to be born again from above by His Spirit of Holiness..His Mercy and Grace are what we need…for therein is His forgiveness.

(Matt. 5:16).

“For God, who said, ‘Let light shine out of darkness’

(יְהִי אוֹר וַיְהִי־אוֹר),

has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the Glory of God in the face of Jesus/Yeshua the Messiah”

(2 Cor. 4:6).

כִּי־עִמְּךָ מְקוֹר חַיִּים
בְּאוֹרְךָ נִרְאֶה־אוֹר

ki · im·me·kha · me·kor · cha·yim
be·or·kha · nir·eh · ohr

“For with You is the fountain of life;
in Your light do we see Light”
(Psalm 36:9)

Make certain Messiah Jesus/Yeshua is your Redeemer, Savior, Lord and soon returning King and that you have a personal relationship with Him.

Its all about Life and Relationship, NOT Religion.

You are greatly loved and precious in His sight.

NOT SURE?

YOU CAN BE..

SAY THE FOLLOWING FROM YOUR HEART RIGHT NOW…

Heavenly Father I come to you in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua asking for forgiveness of my sins for which I am truly sorry. I repent of them all and turn away from my past.

I believe with my heart and confess with my mouth that Jesus/Yeshua is your only begotten Son and that He died on the cross at calvary to pay the price for my sin, so that I might be forgiven and have eternal life in the kingdom of Heaven. Father I believe that Jesus/Yeshua rose from the dead and I ask you to come into my life right now and be my personal Savior and Lord and I will worship and serve you all the days of my life. Because your word is truth I say that I am now forgiven and born again from above and by faith I am washed clean with the blood of Jesus/Yeshua. Thank you that you have accepted me into your family in Jesus’/Yeshua’s name. Amen.

A Walk on the Wildside – The Wilderness Journey Theirs and Ours – Part 5

We have come to final stage of the wilderness journey and as we pass through the last of the camps on our way to the promised land, we continue to see the Lords hand in reaffirming the lessons His children were to learn. This recorded journey is also our life journey, and one thing is clear there is no physical solution to a spiritual problem. The natural can only be turned into the spiritual through sacrifice. Without this a person will lead a divided life because our Heavenly Father’s will is for the natural to be changed into the spiritual through obedience. Hebrews 5:8 Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from the things which He suffered. Sin is what made it necessary for the natural to be sacrificed. God’s perfect will is not sacrifice yet He permits it. Abraham offered up Ishmael, son of the flesh, before he offered up Isaac, the son of the spirit.  Genesis. 21:8-14.

Some of us are trying to offer up spiritual sacrifices to the Father before we have sacrificed the natural. The only way we can offer a spiritual sacrifice to God is to present our bodies a living sacrifice. Rom. 12:1. Sanctification means more than being freed from sin, it means the deliberate commitment of ourselves to the God of our salvation and being willing to pay whatever it may cost. If we don’t sacrifice the natural to the spiritual, the natural life will resist and defy the life of the Son of God in us and will produce continual turmoil. This is always the result of an undisciplined spiritual nature. We go wrong when we stubbornly refuse to discipline ourselves physically, morally or mentally. Excusing ourselves with statements like, I wasn’t taught or disciplined as a child. Then we need to learn and to discipline ourselves now. If we don’t we will ruin our entire personal life for the Lord God.

What are we learning from this desert wilderness?

One thing is certain, as long as we continue to pamper and gratify our natural life, God is not actively involved with it. BUT… once we are willing to put our natural life out in the desert wilderness and are determined to keep it under control of our spirit, God will be with us 100%. He will then provide spiritual and natural wells and oases and fulfill all His promises for both. Genesis. 21:15-19.

41So they departed from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah.  42They departed from Zalmonah and camped at Punon.  43They departed from Punon and camped at Oboth.  44They departed from Oboth and camped at Ije Abarim, at the border of Moab.  45They departed from [c]Ijim and camped at Dibon Gad.  46They moved from Dibon Gad and camped at Almon Diblathaim.  47They moved from Almon Diblathaim and camped in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo.  48They departed from the mountains of Abarim and camped in the plains of Moab by the Jordan, across from Jericho.  49They camped by the Jordan, from Beth Jesimoth as far as the Abel Acacia Grove[d] in the plains of Moab.

Numbers 33:38 
HEB: הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶל־ הֹ֥ר הָהָ֛ר עַל־
NAS: up to Mount Hor at the command
KJV: into mount Hor at the commandment
INT: the priest about Hor to Mount at

Numbers 33:39 
HEB: שָׁנָ֑ה בְּמֹת֖וֹ בְּהֹ֥ר הָהָֽר׃ ס
NAS: when he died on Mount Hor.
KJV: when he died in mount Hor.
INT: years died Hor Mount

Numbers 33:41 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵהֹ֣ר הָהָ֑ר וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ
NAS: from Mount Hor and camped
KJV: from mount Hor, and pitched
INT: journeyed Hor Mount and camped

Numbers 34:7 
HEB: תְּתָא֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם הֹ֥ר הָהָֽר׃
NAS: Sea to Mount Hor.
KJV: ye shall point out for you mount Hor:
INT: the Great shall draw Hor to Mount

Numbers 34:8 
HEB: מֵהֹ֣ר הָהָ֔ר תְּתָא֖וּ
NAS: from Mount Hor to the Lebo-hamath,
KJV: From mount Hor ye shall point out
INT: Hor Mount shall draw

38Then Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the command of the Lord, and died there in the fortieth year after the children of Israel had come out of the land of Egypt, on the first day of the fifth month. 39 Aaron was one hundred and twenty-three years old when he died on Mount Hor. 40 Now the king of Arad, the Canaanite, who dwelt in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel. 41So they departed from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah.

Numbers 33:41 
HEB: הָהָ֑ר וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּצַלְמֹנָֽה׃ 
NAS: Hor and camped at Zalmonah.
KJV: Hor, and pitched in Zalmonah.
INT: Mount and camped Zalmonah

6758 [e]
bə·ṣal·mō·nāh.
בְּצַלְמֹנָֽה׃
at Zalmonah

Tsalmonah: Tsalmonah

Original Wordצַלְמֹנָה
Transliteration: Tsalmonah
Pronunciation: tsal-mo-NAH
Phonetic Spelling: (tsal-mo-naw’)
Meaning: Tsalmonah is derived from the Hebrew root

צֶלֶם (tselem),

meaning shadow or image or shade of death.

The name likely means “shady” or “shadowy,” possibly referring to the physical characteristics of the location, maybe trees or shade from a high sided mountain. Remembering that in the Hebrew culture names were significant, describing the characteristics of a place or person; and often prophetic in nature being connected to the individuals future and destiny in Gods plans and purposes.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Tsalmonah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of “shadow” or “image” can be related to Greek words like σκιά (skia) for “shadow.”

Psalm 23 encourages us that though

we walk through the valley of the shadow of death,

He is with us and its important to note that we walk through,

we don’t stay there, and death does not touch us because

its only a shadow.

Tsalmonah is part of the itinerary of the Israelites as they wandered in the desert for 40 years. It was their time of testing, reliance on God, and preparation before entering the Promised Land. The specific location of Tsalmonah is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally considered to be in the region of the Sinai Peninsula.

 42They departed from Zalmonah and camped at Punon.

Numbers 33:42 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִצַּלְמֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּפוּנֹֽן׃
NAS: They journeyed from Zalmonah and camped
KJV: And they departed from Zalmonah,and pitched
INT: journeyed Zalmonah and camped Punon

Numbers 33:42 
HEB: מִצַּלְמֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּפוּנֹֽן׃ 
NAS: from Zalmonah and camped at Punon.
KJV: from Zalmonah, and pitched in Punon.
INT: Zalmonah and camped Punon

6325 [e]
bə·p̄ū·nōn.
בְּפוּנֹֽן׃
at Punon

Punon: Punon

Original Word: פּוּנֹן
Transliteration: Punon
Pronunciation: poo-NON
Phonetic Spelling: (poo-none’)
Meaning: Perplexity, which is derived from an unused root meaning: to be perplexed or to be dark.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Punon, as it is a specific place name in the Hebrew Bible. Punon is believed to have been located in the region of Edom, which is southeast of the Dead Sea. The area was known for its copper mines, and it is possible that Punon was a site of mining activity during biblical times. The Edomites, descendants of Esau, inhabited this region, and it played a significant role in the history of Israel due to its strategic location and resources.

The name may indicate the feelings of the Israelites at this stage in their journey; possibly emotionally perplexed and the darkness of negativity about their situation may have been trying to torment their minds. The journey had been long and arduous, testing everything in them, and although they were on the last stages of their journey to the promised land; doubts and fears always rise, trying to cause us to stumble right before our patient faith sees the reality of its trust in the natural.

The same is true for us today, when we have been believing for a certain outcome and waiting for what seems a lifetime for the answers to our prayers. The enemy will whisper doubts and accusations, hoping to cause our faith to waver and maybe tempt us to operate out of the arm of the flesh to fulfill that need. Here is where we are to let perseverance/patience have her perfect work by enduring trials, turning to God for strength and hope during painful times.

James 1:4  let patience have its perfect work, so that they may be mature and complete, lacking nothing.

Our Heavenly Fathers’ ways are always, without exception, better than anything we can come up with. Sometimes we are our own worst enemy, seeing how we can facilitate the answer in a more timely manner to our agenda; and with that we compromise to keep it and sadly we will eventually lose it. Our capable and independent actions subvert the plan of our Father and the lack of patience to undergird our faith leads to disobedience which in turn is sin – James 1:15, Romans 6:23 – and sin brings forth death. Maybe not right away, which leads us to think its ok as we see no immediate consequences; however spiritual laws are unchangeable and are no respecter of persons, and the end is always the same. What we choose to think or believe will not change the truth of Gods’ Word.

 43They departed from Punon and camped at Oboth.

Numbers 33:43 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִפּוּנֹ֑ן וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּאֹבֹֽת׃
NAS: They journeyed from Punon and camped
KJV: And they departed from Punon, and pitched
INT: journeyed Punon and camped Oboth

Numbers 33:43 
HEB: מִפּוּנֹ֑ן וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּאֹבֹֽת׃ 
NAS: from Punon and camped at Oboth.
KJV: from Punon, and pitched in Oboth.
INT: Punon and camped Oboth

88 [e]
bə·’ō·ḇōṯ.
בְּאֹבֹֽת׃
at Oboth

Oboth: Oboth

Original Word: אֹבֹת
Part of Speech: Proper Name Location
Transliteration: Oboth
Pronunciation: oh-BOHTH
Phonetic Spelling: (o-both’)
Definition: Oboth
Meaning: plural of #178 water skins and is derived from the Hebrew root

אֹב (ob),

meaning “a wineskin” or “a necromancer’s spirit.”

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Oboth in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a specific Hebrew place name it primarily serves as a geographical marker. The name itself may suggest a connection to the practices of necromancy or the presence of spirits.

Necromancy is the practice of communicating with the dead, the conjuring of the spirits of the dead for magical purposes which is forbidden by God.

A wineskin is a container and was made from goat or sheep hide/skin. The simile to a necromancer, whose skin/body/container is used by a demonic spirit, in the process of communication is suggested here.

Lev. 19:31 “Do not turn to mediums or necromancers; do not seek them out, and so make yourselves unclean by them:

Deut. 18:9-12.

Is. 8:19 And when they say to you, “Inquire of the mediums and the necromancers who chirp and mutter,” should not a people inquire of their God? Should they inquire of the dead on behalf of the living?

1John 1:4 Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, for many false prophets have gone out into the world.

Rev. 21:8 But as for the cowardly, the faithless, the detestable, as for murderers, the sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars, their portion will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the second death.”

1Sam. 28:7-19 was the account of Saul seeking the prophet Samuel through a medium it also has severe consequences. In 1 Chronicles 10:13-14, Saul died because he consulted a medium, and this passage also emphasizes the sinfulness of this practice.  As a sin it’s punishable by God’s judgment.

Lev. 20:27 “A man or a woman who is a medium or a necromancer shall surely be put to death. They shall be stoned with stones; their blood shall be upon them.”

We are to talk only to our Heavenly Father in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua. His Spirit of Holiness is the only supernatural communication we are to seek.

The location of Oboth is not precisely known today, but it is believed to have been situated in the region east of the Jordan River, possibly in the territory of Edom.

  44They departed from Oboth and camped at Ije Abarim, at the border of Moab.

Numbers 33:44 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵאֹבֹ֑ת וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בְּעִיֵּ֥י
NAS: They journeyed from Oboth and camped
KJV: And they departed from Oboth, and pitched
INT: journeyed Oboth and camped Iye-abarim

Numbers 33:44 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בְּעִיֵּ֥י הָעֲבָרִ֖ים בִּגְב֥וּל מוֹאָֽב׃
NAS: and camped at Iye-abarim, at the border
KJV: and pitched in Ijeabarim, in the border
INT: Oboth and camped Iye-abarim the border of Moab

 

5863 [e]
hā·‘ă·ḇā·rîm
הָעֲבָרִ֖ים
Ije Abarim

Iyye Haabarim: Iyye Haabarim

Original Word: עִיֵּי הָעֲבָרִים
Transliteration: Iyye Haabarim
Pronunciation: ee-YAY hah-ah-vah-REEM
Phonetic Spelling: (ee-yay’ haw-ab-aw-reem’)
Meaning: Ije-ha-Abarim and is derived from the Hebrew root:

עִי (iy), meaning: “ruins” or “heaps,”

and עָבַר (abar), meaning: “to pass over” or “to cross.”

Plural of #5753 ruins of the passes a place near /Israel.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Iyye Haabarim, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, related concepts of “crossing” or “passing over”

might be linked to Greek words like

διαβαίνω (diabaino), meaning “to cross over.”

Iyye Haabarim translates to “Ruins of the Passers” or “Heaps of the Crossings.” Iyye Haabarim is located in the region east of the Jordan River, near the border of Moab. The name reflects the transient nature of the Israelites’ journey, as they were often moving from one encampment to another. This location is significant as it marks a stage in the Israelites’ approach to the land of Canaan. It may refer to the things we leave behind when we move from one location to another. There may be items we discard or no longer need on our journey. It is critical when we move forward that we understand that how we leave one place is how we enter the next. We will take with us the same attitude that we departed the previous place with. Leaving often brings feelings of uncertainty, sadness, or anticipation, but Scripture offers comfort and guidance during these times of transition.

 The act of leaving behind something familiar, or letting go, can be both liberating and daunting. The Bible acknowledges the significance of leaving and provides guidance for this, just as Abraham did by leaving his familiar surroundings and obeying God’s call. It teaches us the importance of being willing to leave behind our comfort zones and follow God’s leading, even if it means leaving behind our family and friends. Sometimes He may call us to leave behind our careers, occupations or lifestyles to fulfill His purposes.

Ruth’s declaration to her mother-in-law Naomi points clearly to her loyalty and commitment to leaving behind her Moabite heritage and embracing the God of Israel. This verse reminds us that leaving can also mean leaving behind our past beliefs and practices and embracing a new way of life and a relationship with God.

Ruth 1:6 But Ruth replied, Don’t urge me to leave you or to turn back from you. Where you go I will go, and where you stay I will stay. Your people will be my people and your God my God. Her obedience resulted in that she became the greatgrandmother of David. She is one of five women mentioned in the genealogy of Messiah found in the Gospel of Matthew 1:5.

Come, follow me,” Jesus said, “and I will send you out to fish for people.”

Messiahs’ invitation to His disciples highlights the idea of leaving behind their former occupations as fishermen to become fishers of people. It reminds us that following Yeshua/Jesus requires a willingness to leave behind our old way of life and priorities and embrace a new purpose of serving and sharing the Gospel with others. It also underscores the need to leave behind the attachment to worldly possessions and prioritizing them above the call to follow Messiah. It challenges us to examine our hearts and consider what we may need to leave behind in order to fully follow Him.

Is. 43 :198-19 “Forget the former things; do not dwell on the past. See, I am doing a new thing! Now it springs up; do you not perceive it? I am making a way in the wilderness and streams in the wasteland.”

In these verses, God calls His people to let go of the past and embrace the new things He is doing. It reminds us that leaving can involve leaving behind old mindsets, grievances, and disappointments, allowing God to bring forth transformation and a fresh start in our lives. There are various instances in the scriptures where leaving is discussed. Leaving can refer to physical departure from a place or situation, or it can also have a broader meaning of moving away from certain behaviors, mindsets, or influences.

In our leaving we should not leave behind piles of negative debris in the form of complaints, regrets, blame and fears; but one of love, peace, joy, hope and expectation of the future. Then as we enter the new with that same attitude and spirit of life, the law of the spirit of life will make us free from the law of sin and death. Romans 8:2.

  45They departed from [c]Ijim and camped at Dibon Gad.

Numbers 33:45 
HEB: מֵעִיִּ֑ים וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּדִיבֹ֥ן גָּֽד׃
NAS: from Iyim and camped at Dibon-gad.
KJV: from Iim, and pitchedin Dibongad.
INT: Iyim and camped Dibongad Gad

1769 [e]
bə·ḏî·ḇōn
בְּדִיבֹ֥ן
at Dibon

1410 [e]
gāḏ.
גָּֽד׃
Gad

Dibon: Dibon

Original Word: דִּיבוֹן
Transliteration: Dibon
Pronunciation: dee-BONE
Phonetic Spelling: (dee-bome’)
Meaning: Dibon and is derived from the root:

דּוּב (dûb), meaning to pine away or to languish.

From # 1727: pining, mope, sorrow; name of 3 places.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Dibon in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a proper noun specific to the Hebrew context.  Dibon was an ancient city located east of the Jordan River, primarily associated with the territory of Moab. It is often referred to as “Dibon of Moab” to distinguish it from other locations. The name may imply a place of languishing or pining, possibly reflecting its historical or geographical characteristics. It was a significant city during biblical times, often mentioned in the context of Israel’s interactions with the Moabites. It was where Ruth came from.

The city is notable for the Mesha Stele, an ancient Moabite stone inscription that provides valuable historical insights into the region and its conflicts with Israel.

Dibon was initially assigned to

the tribe of Gad but later became a Moabite stronghold.

Numbers 33:46 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִדִּיבֹ֣ן גָּ֑ד וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ
NAS: They journeyed from Dibon-gad and camped
KJV: And they removed from Dibongad,and encamped
INT: journeyed Dibongad Gad and camped

  46They moved from Dibon Gad and camped at Almon Diblathaim.

Numbers 33:46 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעַלְמֹ֥ן דִּבְלָתָֽיְמָה׃ 
NAS: and camped at Almon-diblathaim.
KJV: and encamped in Almondiblathaim.
INT: Gad and camped Almon-diblathaim

5963 [e]
diḇ·lā·ṯā·yə·māh.
דִּבְלָתָֽיְמָה׃
Almon Diblathaim

Almon Diblathayemah: Almon Diblathaim

Original Word: עַלְמֹן דִּבְלָתָיְמָה
Transliteration: Almon Diblathayemah
Pronunciation: al-MONE dib-lah-thah-YE-mah
Phonetic Spelling: (al-mone’ dib-law-thaw’-yem-aw)
Definition: Almon Diblathaim
Meaning: Almon-Diblathajemah Derived from two Hebrew words:

עַלְמֹן (Almon) meaning hidden or concealed

and

דִּבְלָתָיְמָה (Diblathayemah)

which is related to דִּבְלָה (diblah),

meaning: fig cake or fig grove – Almon of the double cake of figs.

Same as #5960 and dual of #1690 toward Diblathajim, a place in the desert from #5963 hidden and #5960 and to press together as a cake of figs. #1690

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Almon Diblathayemah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of wilderness journeys and encampments can be related to Greek terms used in the New Testament for wilderness or desert, such as ἔρημος (erēmos).

The name suggests a location that might have been

known for its fig production

or

a place that was hidden or concealed.

The name reflects the agricultural practices of the time, where figs were a common and valuable food source. The wilderness journey was a formative period for the Israelites, shaping their identity as God’s chosen people and teaching them reliance on divine provision.

 47They moved from Almon Diblathaim and camped in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo.

Numbers 33:47 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בְּהָרֵ֥י הָעֲבָרִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י נְבֽוֹ׃
NAS: in the mountains of Abarim, before
KJV: in the mountains of Abarim, before
INT: and camped the mountains of Abarim before Nebo

Numbers 33:47 

HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵעַלְמֹ֣ן דִּבְלָתָ֑יְמָה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בְּהָרֵ֥י
NAS: They journeyed from Almon-diblathaim and camped
KJV: And they removed from Almondiblathaim, and pitched
INT: journeyed Almon-diblathaim and camped the mountains

5682 [e]
hā·‘ă·ḇā·rîm
הָעֲבָרִ֖ים
of Abarim

Abarim: Abarim

Original Word: עֲבָרִים
TransliterationAbarim
Pronunciation: ah-vah-REEM
Phonetic Spelling: (ab-aw-reem’)
Meaning: Abarim, derived from the Hebrew root

עָבַר (avar), meaning:

to pass over or to cross.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Abarim, as it is a specific Hebrew geographical term. However, the concept of crossing or transition can be related to Greek terms like

διαβαίνω (diabaino – G1224), meaning “to cross over.

Abarim refers to a mountain range or region located east of the Jordan River. The name suggests a place of crossing or transition, fitting its role as a boundary before entering Canaan.

The Abarim mountains hold significant historical and theological importance in the biblical narrative. They are mentioned in the context of the Israelites’ wilderness wanderings and are notably the location where Moses viewed the Promised Land before his death. Moses disobedience to a direct instruction from the Lord cost him his desire to enter the promised land; a timely reminder to all of us to: shema – hear and obey, when our Heavenly Father asks us to do something.

The range includes Mount Nebo, from which Moses saw the land of Canaan. Deuteronomy 32:49-50.

5015 [e]
nə·ḇōw.
נְבֽוֹ׃
Nebo

Nbow: Nebo

Original Word: נָבוֹ
Transliteration: Nbow
Pronunciationnaw-voh’
Phonetic Spelling: (neb-o’)
Meaning: Nebo, derived from the root:

נָבָא (naba), meaning:

to prophesy or to speak by divine inspiration.

While there is no direct Greek equivalent for the proper noun Nebo, the concept of prophecy and divine communication can be linked to Greek terms such as

προφήτης (prophētēs – Strong’s Greek 4396), meaning “prophet.”

Nebo is a name used in the Hebrew Bible, primarily referring to a location and a deity. It is most commonly associated with Mount Nebo, a significant mountain in the biblical narrative, and with a Babylonian deity of wisdom and writing.

Mount Nebo is a prominent mountain peak in the Abarim range, located in present-day Jordan. It holds significant importance in the biblical narrative as the place where Moses viewed the Promised Land before his death. Deuteronomy 34:1.

The name Nebo is also linked to a Babylonian god, Nabu, who was associated with wisdom, writing, and prophecy. This reflects the cultural exchanges and influences between the Israelites and their neighboring civilizations.

 48They departed from the mountains of Abarim and camped in the plains of Moab by the Jordan, across from Jericho.

Numbers 33:48 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב עַ֖ל יַרְדֵּ֥ן
NAS: in the plains of Moab by the Jordan
KJV: in the plains of Moab by Jordan
INT: and camped the plains of Moab by the Jordan

Numbers 33:48 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵהָרֵ֣י הָעֲבָרִ֑ים וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת
NAS: from the mountains of Abarim and camped
KJV: from the mountains of Abarim, and pitched
INT: journeyed the mountains of Abarim and camped the plains

 49They camped by the Jordan, from Beth Jesimoth as far as the Abel Acacia Grove[d] in the plains of Moab.

Numbers 33:49 
HEB: הַשִּׁטִּ֑ים בְּעַֽרְבֹ֖ת מוֹאָֽב׃ ס
NAS: as Abel-shittim in the plains of Moab.
KJV: in the plains of Moab.
INT: Abel-shittim the plains of Moab

Deuteronomy 32:49 
HEB: אֶל־ הַר֩ הָעֲבָרִ֨ים הַזֶּ֜ה הַר־
NAS: mountain of the Abarim, Mount
KJV: into this mountain Abarim, [unto] mount
INT: about mountain of the Abarim to this Mount

Moab: Moab

Original Word: מוֹאָב
Part of Speechproper name, of a people and territory
Transliteration: Moab
Pronunciation: moh-AV
Phonetic Spelling: (mo-awb)
Meaning: Moab, derived from the Hebrew root, possibly meaning: “from father” (מֵאָב),

indicating the ancestral relationship described in Genesis.

G3473 Μωάβ (Moab) – G3474 Μωαβίτης (Moabite)

Moab refers to both a person and a nation in the Bible. Moab was the son of Lot, born from an incestuous relationship with his eldest daughter. Genesis 19:37. The descendants of Moab became the Moabites, a people often in conflict with Israel. The Moabites settled east of the Dead Sea, in a region known for its fertile land. They were closely related to the Israelites, being descendants of Lot, Abraham’s nephew. Despite this kinship, the Moabites frequently opposed Israel, both politically and religiously. The Moabites worshiped Chemosh, a god to whom they sometimes offered human sacrifices. The relationship between Israel and Moab was complex, involving periods of both conflict and cooperation.

Numbers 33:49 
HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִבֵּ֣ית הַיְשִׁמֹ֔ת עַ֖ד אָבֵ֣ל
NAS: by the Jordan, from Beth-jeshimoth as far
KJV: by Jordan, from Bethjesimoth [even] unto Abelshittim
INT: by the Jordan Beth-jeshimoth far Abel-shittim

3383 [e]
hay·yar·dên
הַיַּרְדֵּן֙
the Jordan

1020 [e]
hay·ši·mōṯ,
הַיְשִׁמֹ֔ת
Beth Jeshimoth

’ā·ḇêl
אָבֵ֣ל

63 [e]
haš·šiṭ·ṭîm;
הַשִּׁטִּ֑ים
the Abel Shittim

Yarden: Jordan

Original Word: יַרְדֵּן
Transliteration: Yarden
Pronunciation: yar-DEN
Phonetic Spelling: (yar-dane’)
Meaninga descender principle river.

The word is derived from the Hebrew root:

יָרַד (yarad),

meaning: to descend or to go down.

G2446 (Ιορδάνης, Iordanes): The Greek equivalent of the Hebrew “Yarden,” used in the New Testament to refer to the Jordan River.

The term “Yarden” refers to the Jordan River, a significant geographical feature in the biblical narrative. It is often associated with boundary crossings, spiritual transitions, and divine interventions. The Jordan River serves as a physical and symbolic marker in the history of Israel, representing both a literal and metaphorical passage from one state of being to another.

The Jordan River is one of the most prominent rivers in the biblical lands, flowing from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea. It has been a critical water source and a natural boundary throughout history. In biblical times, the Jordan was a site of numerous significant events, including the crossing of the Israelites into the Promised Land, the prophetic ministry of Elijah and Elisha, and the baptism of Yeshua/Jesus by John the Baptist.

The river’s name, meaning “to descend,” reflects its geographical descent from the highlands of Galilee to the lowest point on earth at the Dead Sea.

For more on Jordan see mmm the descender, also posts on the 12 tribes – links below:

https://www.minimannamoments.com/what-is-the-connection-between-the-descender-a-spring-an-eye-a-dove-and-a-miracle/

https://www.minimannamoments.com/the-man-the-tribe-the-land-yisrael-israel-prophetic-in-every-way/

Jericho

Numbers 33:48 
HEB: עַ֖ל יַרְדֵּ֥ן יְרֵחֽוֹ׃ 
NAS: by the Jordan [opposite] Jericho.
KJV: of Moab by Jordan [near] Jericho.
INT: by the Jordan Jericho

Numbers 33:50 
HEB: עַל־ יַרְדֵּ֥ן יְרֵח֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃
NAS: by the Jordan [opposite] Jericho,saying,
KJV: by Jordan [near] Jericho, saying,
INT: by the Jordan Jericho saying

Yericho or Yerecho or Yerichoh: Jericho

Original Word: יְרִיחוֹ
Transliteration: Yericho or Yerecho or Yerichoh
Pronunciation: yeh-ree-KHO
Phonetic Spelling: (yer-ee-kho’)
Meaning: Jericho, Jerecho is derived from the Hebrew root

יָרַח (yarach), meaning: moon,

possibly indicating a connection to lunar worship or the moon’s significance in ancient times.

G2410 Ἰεριχώ (Iericho) – The Greek transliteration of Jericho, used in the New Testament.

Jericho is a significant city in the Bible, often referred to as the “City of Palms” due to its lush palm trees and fertile surroundings. It is one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world and is frequently mentioned in the context of Israel’s conquest of Canaan led by Joshua.

from רָוַח, = regio fragrans, the district abounding in palms, rose-gardens, balsam, etc.

Jericho is located near the Jordan River in the Jordan Valley. It was a fortified city with strong walls, making it a strategic military target. The city’s destruction by the Israelites under Joshua’s leadership is one of the most famous events in the Old Testament, symbolizing God’s power and faithfulness to His promises. Archaeological evidence supports Jericho’s ancient habitation and its significance in trade and agriculture.

1020 Beth Hayshimoth: House of Desolations

Original Wordבֵּית הַשִּׁמֹּות
Transliteration: Beth Hayshimoth
Pronunciation: bayth ha-shee-moth
Phonetic Spelling: (bayth hah-yesh-ee-moth’)
Definition: House of Desolations house of the deserts
Meaning: Beth-ha-Jeshimoth is derived from two Hebrew words:

בֵּית  beth, meaning house

and

הַשִּׁמֹּות  hashimoth,

meaning: desolations or wastes.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Beth Hayshimoth in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a specific Hebrew place name, referring to a location on the eastern side of the Jordan River, near the Dead Sea. The name suggests a place characterized by desolation or wilderness.

Beth Hayshimoth was situated in the territory allotted to the tribe of Reuben after the Israelites entered the Promised Land. It was located in the plains of Moab, an area known for its proximity to the Dead Sea and its arid, desolate landscape. The region was significant during the Israelites’ journey from Egypt to Canaan, serving as a staging ground before crossing the Jordan River.

Numbers 33:49 
HEB: עַ֖ד אָבֵ֣ל הַשִּׁטִּ֑ים בְּעַֽרְבֹ֖ת מוֹאָֽב׃
NAS: as far as Abel-shittim in the plains
KJV: from Bethjesimoth [even] unto Abelshittim in the plains
INT: Beth-jeshimoth far Abel-shittim the plains of Moab

Abel Hashshittim: Abel of the Acacias

Original Word: הָשִּׁטִּים אָבֵל
Transliteration: Abel Hashshittim
Pronunciation: ah-BEL hah-shit-TEEM
Phonetic Spelling: (aw-bale’ hash-shit-teem’)
Definition: Abel of the Acacias
Meaning: Abel hash-Shittim is derived from two Hebrew words: “אָבֵל” (Abel),

meaning: meadow or stream,

and “הַשִּׁטִּים”  Hashshittim,

meaning: the acacias or Meadow of the acacias.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Abel Hashshittim, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the Greek term “Ἀκακία” (G212) refers to the acacia tree, which is part of the name shittim meaning:

wood of acacia tree

from its scourging thorns, to flog.

For believers this reminds us of the scourging Messiah suffered for us and the thorny crown that was pressed into His head.

The scourging He endured was the prophetic fulfillment of

Isaiah 53:5 and

Exodus 15:26 right before they came to Elim.

25 And Moses cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a log. And when he cast it into the waters, they were sweetened. There the LORD made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He tested them, 26 saying, “If you will listen carefully to the voice of the LORD your God, and do what is right in His eyes, and pay attention to His commands, and keep all His statutes,then I will not bring on you any of the diseases I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am the LORD who heals you.27 Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, and they camped there by the waters.…

Here is the source of our ‘name of God’, Jehovah Rophe- Yahweh rofe’ekha –  רָפָא  יהוה

 Pronounced: Yä-wá’ (or Yod-Há-Väv-Há’) Roh-fee’. It is a name of God revealed to Moses at Marah, where God provided sweet water for the Israelites; it has the idea of “restore, make whole, repair.”

Our Heavenly Fathers promise of healing was fulfilled in Messiah as confirmed in 1 Peter 2:24 He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. “By His stripes you are healed.” 

Abel Hashshittim  (# 7848 shit-teem) refers to a location in the plains of Moab, east of the Jordan River, where the Israelites camped before crossing into the Promised Land. The name suggests a place characterized by acacia trees, which were common in the region.

Abel Hashshittim is significant in the biblical narrative as the final encampment of the Israelites before entering Canaan. It is located in the plains of Moab, near the Jordan River, opposite Jericho. This site is associated with the events in Numbers 25, where the Israelites fell into idolatry and immorality with the Moabites, leading to God’s judgment. The acacia trees in the area were likely used for various purposes, including construction and religious artifacts, as acacia wood was durable and abundant.

Numbers 33:48 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב עַ֖ל יַרְדֵּ֥ן
NAS: in the plains of Moab by the Jordan
KJV: in the plains of Moab by Jordan
INT: and camped the plains of Moab by the Jordan

Numbers 33:49 
HEB: הַשִּׁטִּ֑ים בְּעַֽרְבֹ֖ת מוֹאָֽב׃ ס
NAS: as Abel-shittim in the plains of Moab.
KJV: in the plains of Moab.
INT: Abel-shittim the plains of Moab

Numbers 33:44 
HEB: הָעֲבָרִ֖ים בִּגְב֥וּל מוֹאָֽב׃ 
NAS: at Iye-abarim, at the border of Moab.
KJV: in Ijeabarim, in the border of Moab.
INT: Iye-abarim the border of Moab

Moab 4124

Moab: Moab

Original Word: מוֹאָב
Part of Speech: proper name, of a people and territory
Transliteration: Moab
Pronunciation: moh-AV
Phonetic Spelling: (mo-awb)

Meaning: Moab, derived from the Hebrew root, possibly meaning: from father (מֵאָב),

indicating the ancestral relationship described in Genesis.

G3473 Μωάβ (Moab) G3474 Μωαβίτης (Moabite)

Moab refers to both a person and a nation in the Bible. Moab was the son of Lot, born from an incestuous relationship with his eldest daughter. Genesis 19:37. The descendants of Moab became the Moabites, a people often in conflict with Israel. The Moabites settled east of the Dead Sea, in a region known for its fertile land. They were closely related to the Israelites, being descendants of Lot, Abraham’s nephew. Despite this kinship, the Moabites frequently opposed Israel, both politically and religiously. The Moabites worshiped Chemosh, a god to whom they sometimes offered human sacrifices. The relationship between Israel and Moab was complex, involving periods of both conflict and cooperation.

Now we are at the end of our journey through the wilderness, we are aware that it is a process both for the Israelites and for us. God took His people out of Egypt and all they had there, including slavery; and for the next 40 years He took Egypt and all its influences out of them. Only 2 of the original travelers were free enough to go forward, a remnant; those born in the wilderness knew His provision their whole life. It usually follows that the longer we have been in the world, the more we have been exposed to its influences and need to gain freedom from. In Galatians 1:17, Paul claims he did not go to Jerusalem immediately,

Gal. 2:1. What did Paul do in the 14 year period before his second journey?

Hebrews 11:38. the Apostle remembers being “in perils in the wilderness.”

Paul had wilderness times of preparation early in his ministry during “three years in Arabia.” to get free from all he had become without Christ.

Are we any different? This is a process and not achieved overnight, there is no quick fix. However, the quicker we yield and part ourselves from the old life, and the old nature of the carnal identity, traditions and worldly cultures, the sooner His Holy Spirit can augment the change from within. Our self assertiveness and all our mental qualities in the soul, must be replaced by a regenerated spirit and whose reliance on Gods indwelling spirit is evident. This is hard for independent, capable, intelligent individuals because it makes no logical sense. All our old man traits need to be crucified and replaced by faith, which means letting go of our desire and ability to control our environment and life. The cravings and lust for satisfying the flesh in all its guises and excuses, are what will prevent spiritual growth, and we will end up spinning our wheels and going nowhere fast. When we continue looking to the natural realm, trying to furnish our personal needs in all areas by providing and protecting ourselves; it will stunt our faith in a Heavenly Provider. This in turn puts a tourniquet on the development of a personal relationship with the Father by His Spirit in Yeshua/Jesus name. Galatians 5:16-17. This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh 17For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other:

These points are some of what the Israelites were learning and there is so much more that can be said to really do justice to this subject. These posts are just a basic overall view; or the topic would be much longer than it is already!

Many times the Israelites were swayed by the pressures that came from the ‘mixed multitude’, who were not fully Hebrews and left Egypt with them hoping for a better life. They were rebellious and disobedient and would not conform or follow through on their verbal agreement to the covenant.  Many wanted to turn back to where they had come from, to return to that which was  familiar and less challenging. For us it can be ungodly influences through family members, friends, co-workers or worldly media. Any failure is not on Gods part, because He does not change; so are we keeping our side of the covenant we have made with Him? How we respond to our wilderness trials, testings and hard experiences, will directly affect how long we will stay there, and in which camp, in order to learn the lessons He desires to teach us.

The land they inherited and came into, is the only place in the earth that the Lord God, Creator of Heaven and Earth placed His name.

https://www.minimannamoments.com/i-will-put-my-name-here/

This land must be kept to a higher level of holiness than the rest of the world and it has been given to His people Israel, and those who join Israel by being grafted in by grace. All idols must be thrown down, and when the Israelites turned from the Lord and followed those idols they were evicted from the land; as God used other nations to take them into captivity e.g. Babylon.

There is a significant reference here to the life, health and physical body of the believer, we are the only people where the Lord God places His Name. We belong to Him because He paid the ultimate price, and we are to cast away all idols that take any important place in our lives before the Lord. We are part of a holy nation now and are called to a higher standard than the world around us.

2 Corinthians 6:17.

Come out from among them and be ye separate – be holy, consecrated, set apart to Him. If we don’t, we compromise and live with one foot in the world and can easily fall into sin and backslide into worldly ways. We are to die to the old life and dedicate ourselves to the Messiah and His kingdom. There is a standard that we must have for our lives as carriers of His Glory, the presence of His Holy Spirit who cannot live in an unclean environment. We are that sanctuary now, and have become the dwelling place of the Lord in earthen vessels.

Let’s run our race and keeping our eyes on Messiah, finish our course, because we did not select it, God authored it, established it and He will perfect and finish it.

Heb. 12:1 1; Cor. 9:24; Heb. 12:2.

The world behind us – the promised land before us.

No turning back.

Shalom mishpachah/family

and cheverim/friends!

It’s all about Life and Relationship,

NOT Religion.

You are greatly loved and precious in His sight.

NOT SURE?

YOU CAN BE..

SAY THE FOLLOWING FROM YOUR HEART RIGHT NOW…

Heavenly Father I come to you in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua asking for forgiveness of my sins for which I am truly sorry. I repent of them all and turn away from my past.

I believe with my heart and confess with my mouth that Jesus/Yeshua is your Son and that He died on the cross at calvary to pay the price for my sin, so that I might be forgiven and have eternal life in the kingdom of Heaven. Father I believe that Jesus/Yeshua rose from the dead and I ask you to come into my life right now and be my personal Savior and Lord and I will worship you all the days of my life. Because your word is truth I say that I am now forgiven and born again and by faith I am washed clean with the blood of Jesus/Yeshua. Thank you that you have accepted me into your family in Jesus’/Yeshua’s name. Amen.

A Walk on the Wildside – The Wilderness Journey Theirs and Ours – Part 4

In our journey through the wilderness we are no doubt seeing repetition in the experiences the Israelites faced and the locations they camped. There is reasoning behind it, both for them and for us; because repetition strengthens memory formation. Our learning curve needs constant reinforcement to become consistent, forming a habit. Not all habits are bad, and repeating everything at least three times helps to store it in our long-term memories. Our Heavenly Father created us and surely knows we are often slow to learn the important life lessons He is trying to teach us; and even more resistant to understand the spiritual consequences of being slow to obey, with any of a myriad of excuses including fear and apathy.

Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God”. Luke 9:57-62.

The dangers of delaying obedience to any of His commands are two-fold. First, we will grow spiritually indifferent, lazy and apathetic. We neglect doing what we know the Lord commands of us, and our heart grows cold. We think we are ok and consequently the things of God become routine and our desires for prayer, the Word, and spiritual service are quenched; we end up just going through the motions but are lacking in our joy-filled spiritual life. The second consequence of delay in obeying known commands is that we grow to accept disobedience as not being a big deal and no longer see it as sin. To be backslidden, know it, and do nothing about it, is the worst of conditions; and some will say, “I know I am not where I should be spiritually” but make no effort to change. This condition will only be remedied by genuine repentance.

Psalm 119:32 says, “I will quickly obey your commands”

Psalm 119:60, I will hasten and not delay to obey your commands.

That means we don’t pause to question our Heavenly Father’s instructions before we obey them. Messiah emphasized the importance of obedience and He called all believers to obey Him. He said:

If you love me, obey my commandments. John 14:15.

He addressed people who openly professed Him as Lord but did not yield to His Lordship.

Obedience is the hallmark of submission and a key to immediate deliverance.

Therefore, as followers of Messiah, we must commit ourselves to obey Him in all aspects of our lives.

This may answer some of our questions as to why things in our lives seem to repeat over and over. The Lord will allow us to go around the same mountain until we learn the lesson He is trying to teach us. When we finally ‘get it’, it will be time to move out and His Spirit pillar of cloud/ fire will lead us forward to the next camp and the next challenge.

Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept, Line upon line, line upon line, Here a little, there a little.”Is 28:9-10.

Last week we read that….

15 They departed from Rephidim and camped in the Wilderness of Sinai.  16 They moved from the Wilderness of Sinai and camped at [b]Kibroth Hattaavah.  17 They departed from Kibroth Hattaavah and camped at Hazeroth.  18 They departed from Hazeroth and camped at Rithmah.  19 They departed from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez.  20 They departed from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah.  21 They moved from Libnah and camped at Rissah.  22 They journeyed from Rissah and camped at Kehelathah.  23 They went from Kehelathah and camped at Mount Shepher.  24 They moved from Mount Shepher and camped at Haradah.  25 They moved from Haradah and camped at Makheloth.

Now let’s continue with the children of Israel as

  26 They moved from Makheloth and camped at Tahath.  27 They departed from Tahath and camped at Terah.  28 They moved from Terah and camped at Mithkah.  29 They went from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah.  30 They departed from Hashmonah and camped at Moseroth. 31 They departed from Moseroth and camped at Bene Jaakan.  32 They moved from Bene Jaakan and camped at Hor Hagidgad.  33 They went from Hor Hagidgad and camped at Jotbathah.  34 They moved from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah.  35 They departed from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber.  36 They moved from Ezion Geber and camped in the Wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh.  37 They moved from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom.

 26 They moved from Makheloth and camped at Tahath. 

Numbers 33:26 
HEB: מִמַּקְהֵלֹ֑ת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽחַת׃ 
NAS: from Makheloth and camped at Tahath.
KJV: and encamped at Tahath.
INT: Makheloth and camped Tahath 

8480 Tachath: Under, beneath, instead of, in place of

Original Word: תַּחַת
Transliteration: Tachath
Pronunciation: tah’-khath
Phonetic Spelling: (takh’-ath)
Definition: Under, beneath, instead of, in place of
Word Origin: A primitive root

Greek G473: ἀντί (anti) – meaning “instead of” or “in place of” Also G5270: ὑπό (hypo) – meaning “under” or “beneath”

The Hebrew word Tachath

is primarily used as a preposition meaning: 

under or beneath.

It can also convey the idea of

substitution, as in instead of or in place of.

This dual usage reflects both:

a physical positioning and

a conceptual replacement or exchange.

In ancient Hebrew culture, the concept of substitution was significant, especially in religious and legal contexts. The idea of one thing being under or in place of another is seen in various aspects of life, from sacrificial systems to social structures. The use of Tachath in the Hebrew Bible often reflects these cultural norms, where physical location and metaphorical substitution are intertwined.

For us the ultimate Tahath, in the meaning of substitution and exchange is in Messiah life death and resurrection. Yeshua/Jesus is our propitiation, sacrifice, redemption, reconciliation, justification and advocate in the biblical terms and doctrine of substitutionary atonement. He died in our place.

This brief reference places Tahath near the journey’s midpoint, between the wilderness of Paran and the plains of Moab. Although the Bible does not provide extensive details about Tahath, its inclusion in the list of encampments underscores its role in the broader narrative of Israel’s wilderness wanderings.

Tahath is mentioned in close proximity to Mount Hor, the location where Aaron, the high priest and brother of Moses, died Numbers 20:22-29. Mount Hor is traditionally identified with Jebel Harun, located near Petra in modern-day Jordan.

The proximity of Tahath to such a significant site suggests that it was a part of the challenging and emotional journey the Israelites experienced in the wilderness. Their journey was not just a physical trek; it was a spiritual journey filled with lessons, trials, and divine encounters. Each location mentioned in the biblical narrative, including Tahath, served as a marker of God’s ongoing work in shaping His people into a nation that would trust and obey Him. Here we understand that He is shaping us too into people who will trust and obey Him.

Although only mentioned briefly, Tahath may seem insignificant at first glance, however it carries a deeper lesson for us today, reminding us that every step in our spiritual journey is important. Just as Tahath was one of the many stops in the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, every season in our lives—whether filled with triumphs or challenges—plays a role in shaping us and growing our faith.

In our walk with God, we may find ourselves in places that seem uneventful or mundane, much like the stop at Tahath. However, it is in these moments that God often works quietly and profoundly in our hearts. The Israelites’ journey was not just about reaching a destination; it was about learning to trust God, even in the wilderness. Similarly, our journey of faith involves trusting God and His faithfulness in every season of our lives, knowing that He is with us and is leading us according to His perfect plan. Again its not just about reaching the end of the journey – it’s about the lessons we learn along the WAY. 

Along with other wilderness stops, Tahath highlights the importance of obedience and trust in our Heavenly Father’s guidance, because He sees and knows the end from the beginning. The Israelites were required to follow His leading, as He guided them by a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. Their obedience was critical to their survival and success in reaching the Promised Land.

For us, Tahath serves as a reminder that we, too, are called to obey and trust our Father’s guidance in our lives. We may not always understand the reasons for the places He leads us to, but we can trust that His ways are higher than ours. Isaiah 55:8-9. Our obedience to His Word and our trust in His plan are essential as we journey through the challenges and uncertainties of life. So whether we are experiencing times of abundance, or walking through our own barren wilderness that seems inhospitable, God is with us, guiding and sustaining us. His faithfulness is not dependent on our circumstances; it is rooted in His unchanging character.

Just as God faithfully led the Israelites through the wilderness, He leads us today, and our journey is similarly marked by His continual provision, protection, and presence, even in the most difficult, desolate and lonely places.

Although the wilderness seemed so barren, it was there that the Israelites experienced God’s presence in profound ways. Here they received the Torah and His Covenant, they saw His daily provision of manna, and witnessed His miracles.

For us today, the wilderness can symbolize times of testing, waiting, or difficult circumstances; yet it’s often in these wilderness seasons that we experience God’s presence most deeply.  When we feel lost, uncertain, or weary, we can take comfort in knowing that He is with us, just as He was with the Israelites at Tahath and throughout their whole journey.

 

 27They departed from Tahath and camped at Terah. 

Numbers 33:27 
HEB: מִתָּ֑חַת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽרַח׃ 
NAS: from Tahath and camped at Terah.
KJV: from Tahath, and pitched at Tarah.
INT: Tahath and camped Terah

 

8646 [e] bə·ṯā·raḥ.
בְּתָֽרַח׃
at Terah

Numbers 33:27 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִתָּ֑חַת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽרַח׃
NAS: They journeyed from Tahath and camped
KJV: And they departed from Tahath, and pitched
INT: journeyed Tahath and camped Terah

Terach: Terah

Original Word: תֶּרַח
Transliteration: Terach
Pronunciation: TEH-rahkh
Phonetic Spelling: (teh’-rakh)
Definition: Terah
Meaning: Terach

Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning:

to delay or to wander.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Terach in the Septuagint or the New Testament, as it is a proper name specific to the Hebrew Bible.

The meaning here of delay is often mentioned in connection with a delay in answers to our prayers; it is not denial but simply that, delay. It can be that the timing for the prayers answer or fulfillment is not yet reached and we are just to wait, learning patience which will strengthen and support, undergirding our faith. It is often said there are 3 answers to prayer: Yes, No, and Wait; all of them are subject to our Heavenly Fathers plans and purposes, we are not to dictate to Him how or when He is to do what we ask of Him. So be encouraged that if we hear Him say Terach, its all in the timing, He has not forgotten us.

Terach is a proper noun used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to the father of Abraham, Nahor, and Haran. He is a significant patriarchal figure in the genealogies of Genesis, representing a transitional link between the post-Flood generations and the patriarchs of Israel. Terach lived during a time when polytheism was prevalent in Mesopotamia. According to Jewish tradition and some interpretations of the biblical text, Terach was an idol maker, which highlights the contrast between his background and the monotheistic faith of his son Abraham. Terach’s journey from Ur of the Chaldeans to Haran marks a significant movement in the narrative of the Hebrew Bible, setting the stage for Abraham’s call by God to go to Canaan.

Not much is detailed about the events that took place at Terah, its inclusion in the biblical record highlights its role in the larger story of God’s faithfulness and provision for His people during a time of great testing and trial.

In Numbers 33:27-28, we read: “They set out from Tahath and camped at Terah. They set out from Terah and camped at Mithkah.”

The wilderness journey, of which Terah was a part, was not merely a physical journey but also a spiritual one. The Israelites’ time in the desert was characterized by challenges that tested their faith and obedience to God. The wilderness served as a place of cleansing and purification, where the people were taught to rely on God alone for their needs.

Terah, represents a pause in the journey, a moment of rest and reflection. Each encampment provided the Israelites with an opportunity to trust in God’s provision and to learn valuable lessons that would prepare them for the challenges ahead. The meaning of wander in the word Terah, is a warning to stay focused and single minded on where we are headed and not be tempted to wander off in a direction that look like an easier way. The narrow WAY is the only WAY, even when the broad way tries to lure and convince our fleshly senses otherwise.

Key lessons we can learn from Terah are the importance of trusting in God’s provision and of the importance of focused perseverance. The Israelites’ experience in the wilderness was marked by moments of doubt and complaint, but He remained patient with them, guiding them towards the fulfillment of His promises.

For us the lesson of perseverance is crucial. Our spiritual journey may involve trials and setbacks, but we are called to press on, trusting that He is with us and that He will bring us to the fulfillment of His promises. Hebrews encourages us to “run with perseverance the race marked out for us, fixing our eyes on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of faith” Hebrews 12:1-2. Just as the Israelites were called to continue their journey towards the Promised Land, we are called to continue our journey of faith, relying on God’s strength and guidance.

For us this truth remains powerful and relevant. Our Fathers Holy Spirit is with us in every season of life, whether we are in a time of abundance or a time of trial. The promise of God’s presence is a central theme throughout Scripture, and it is a source of great comfort for believers. Jesus/Yeshua Himself promised, “I am with you always, to the very end of the age” Matthew 28:20. This promise encourages us to trust in God’s unfailing love and to know that He is always near, guiding and sustaining us through every challenge we face. Despite the Israelites’ and our frequent failures and complaints, our Heavenly Father remains faithful to His covenant.

 28They moved from Terah and camped at Mithkah. 

Mithqah: Mithkah 4989

Original Word: מִתְקָה
Transliteration: Mithqah
Pronunciation: mith-KAH
Phonetic Spelling: (mith-kaw’)
Meaning: Mithkah

Numbers 33:28 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִתָּ֑רַח וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּמִתְקָֽה׃
NAS: They journeyed from Terah and camped
KJV: And they removed from Tarah, and pitched
INT: journeyed Terah and camped Mithkah

Derived from the Hebrew root מָתַק (matak),

Mithkah (מִתְקָה, H4989) can be translated as “sweetness” or “pleasantness,”and meaning “to be sweet” or “to become sweet.” There are no direct Greek equivalents for Mithqah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of “sweetness” can be related to Greek words like γλυκύς (glykys), meaning “sweet.”

The name Mithqah likely carries the connotation of “sweetness,” possibly referring to the quality of the water, or the pleasantness of the location. It is located near Mount Hor.

The journey of the Israelites, including their stop at Mithkah, illustrates again the importance of trusting in God’s guidance. As they traveled through the wilderness, often facing harsh conditions and uncertainties, they relied on His direction through Moses. For us today, Mithkah symbolizes the necessity of trusting even when the path ahead seems unclear. Proverbs 3:5-6 encourages us, “Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your paths straight.”

Each location they camped at, including Mithkah, was a step towards spiritual maturity and deeper faith in God.

James 1:2-4, teaches us to consider it pure joy when we face trials, because the testing of our faith produces perseverance, leading to spiritual maturity and the development of spiritual fruit.

Mithkah in the Israelites’ journey underscores God’s faithfulness and presence with His people. Despite their frequent disobedience and complaints, God never abandoned them. This unwavering faithfulness is a testament to God’s loving nature. Deuteronomy 31:6 reminds us, “Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid or terrified because of them, for the Lord your God goes with you; he will never leave you nor forsake you.”

Mithkah, also serves as a reminder of the assurance of God’s promises. God’s promise to bring the Israelites to the Promised Land was fulfilled, demonstrating His commitment to His word. For us today, this serves as a powerful reminder that God’s promises are sure and steadfast. As Hebrews 10:23 says, “Let us hold unswervingly to the hope we profess, for he who promised is faithful.”

The geographical proximity of Mithkah to Mount Hor, where Aaron the high priest died and was succeeded by his son Eleazar, Numbers 20:22-29, highlights the theme of priesthood. Messiah, our ultimate High Priest, succeeded in offering Himself as the perfect sacrifice for our sins. Hebrews 4:14-16 speaks of Yeshua/Jesus as our great High Priest who sympathizes with our weaknesses and provides us with grace and mercy.

To sum up, Mithkah like so many of the other locations speaks of, God’s guidance, provision, and faithfulness during the Israelites’ wilderness journey. For us as believers today, Mithkah serves as a reminder to trust in God’s promises, rely on His provision, and remain steadfast in our spiritual journey. Its connection to Mount Hor and the priesthood, also points us to Messiah, our ultimate High Priest, who guides and provides for us. As we reflect on Mithkah, let us be encouraged to trust in God’s leading, find sweetness and pleasantness of the assurance found in His faithfulness, and grow in our sweet and pleasant relationship with Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ.

 29They went from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah.

Numbers 33:29 
HEB: מִמִּתְקָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּחַשְׁמֹנָֽה׃ 
NAS: from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah.
KJV: and pitched in Hashmonah.
INT: Mithkah and camped Hashmonah

2832 [e]
bə·ḥaš·mō·nāh.
בְּחַשְׁמֹנָֽה׃
at Hashmonah

Chashmonah: Chashmonah

Original Word: חשמונה
Transliteration: Chashmonah
Pronunciation: khash-mo-NAH
Phonetic Spelling: (khash-mo-naw’)
Meaning: Chasmonah is derived from an unused root meaning to be fat or fertile.

Fertile ground is good ground for growth, and this has a meaning for us in that; our hearts are prepared before Him and ready to receive the good seed of His Word. His Word planted in us which will grow and mature, becoming fat and fertile spiritually so that we will bear much fruit for His kingdom.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Chashmonah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name not mentioned in the Greek New Testament. Although Chashmonah is part of the itinerary of the Israelites as they traveled through the wilderness, its specific location is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally considered to be in the region of the Sinai Peninsula. situated near Mount Hor.

Hashmonah, along with the other stops listed in Numbers 33, highlights the importance of trusting in God’s guidance. The Israelites’ journey through the wilderness was not random; it was directed by God, who led them each step of the way. For us, this underscores the importance of trusting in God’s leading, even when the path is unclear or difficult. Just as He guided the Israelites, He continues to guide His people today. The story of Hashmonah is another encouragement to believers to trust in God’s timing and provision, even when the journey seems long or the destination uncertain.

Hashmonah also symbolizes the need for periods of rest and reflection in the believers life. The journey to the Promised Land was arduous, and the campsites provided much-needed rest and an opportunity to prepare for the next stage. In the same way, we are called to find rest in God, taking time to recharge spiritually. This is not only about physical rest but also involves taking time to reflect, pray, and renew our commitment to following God. The Bible teaches the value of Sabbath rest, a principle that encourages believers to regularly pause and seek God’s presence.

Come ye apart and rest awhile. Mark 6:31

when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord. 20 And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: Acts 3:19.

God had from remote times offered to his people “rest” and “refreshing” Is. 28:11

 

Hashmonah and other encampments in the wilderness journey demonstrates God’s faithfulness and provision. Despite the Israelites’ frequent complaints and disobedience, God remained committed to His covenant promise to bring them to the Promised Land. He provided them with manna, water, and protection along the way. This narrative highlights God’s enduring love and care for His people, even when they falter.

For us, it serves as a reminder that God is faithful, even when we are not. His provision may not always come in the way we expect, but He is always present and working for our good.

With stops on their journey like Hashmonah, they can be seen as a metaphor for our journey of faith. Just as the Israelites were being prepared and refined for their new life in the Promised Land, we too are on a journey of spiritual growth and maturation. As we are being reminded once again, this journey involves challenges, periods of waiting, and lessons in reliance on God. Hashmonah represents one of the many “campsites” along the way where God teaches, refines, and prepares His people for what lies ahead in our lives. This encourages believers to view their own life’s journey as part of God’s refining process, trusting Him through every phase.

This fulfillment of God’s promises in the Old Testament points forward to the ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ. In Christ, all of God’s promises find their “Yes” and “Amen”. 2 Corinthians 1:20. Jesus/Yeshua provides the true rest/shalom as our Sar Shalom/Prince of Peace; and the ultimate “Promised Land” of eternal life. The journey of the Israelites, including the stops at places like Hashmonah, foreshadows the greater journey to full salvation and redemption through Christ/Messiah.

Just as the Israelites followed God’s leading in the wilderness, Christians are called to follow Christ. Messiah invites His followers to “come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest”. Matthew 11:28. The rest that Hashmonah provided is a shadow of the deeper rest found in Christ. This rest involves a cessation from striving and doing our own thing, and having a total  reliance on the finished work on His cross. Believers are encouraged to trust in Him for their spiritual journey, finding rest and guidance in Him alone.

To sum up, their camp at Hashmonah is a significant reminder of God’s faithfulness and the journey of faith. It symbolizes the need for trust in His guidance, the importance of spiritual rest, and the continuous provision of God during life’s journey. For us, Hashmonah offers lessons in trusting God’s plan, finding shalom peace and rest in Him, and understanding our journey as part of a larger narrative of the redemption process. It also points to the fulfillment of God’s promises in Messiah, encouraging believers to follow Him faithfully as they journey toward their ultimate “Promised Land” in eternity. Through Hashmonah, we are reminded that every step of our journey is overseen by a loving and faithful Heavenly Father Who guides and provides for His people.

 30They departed from Hashmonah and camped at Moseroth.  

Numbers 33:30 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵֽחַשְׁמֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּמֹסֵרֽוֹת׃
NAS: They journeyed from Hashmonahand camped
KJV: And they departed from Hashmonah,and encamped
INT: journeyed Hashmonah and camped Moseroth

4149 [e]
bə·mō·sê·rō·wṯ.
בְּמֹסֵרֽוֹת׃
at Moserah

Moserah or Moseroth: Moserah, Moseroth

Original Word: מוֹסֵרָה / מוֹסֵרוֹת
Transliteration: Moserah or Moseroth
Pronunciation: moh-se-RAW / moh-se-ROTH
Phonetic Spelling: (mo-say-raw’)
Definition: Moserah, Moseroth
Meaning: correction or corrections

and derived from the root

מוֹסֵר (moser), meaning:

bond, discipline or bonds of discipline.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Moserah or Moseroth in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as these are specific Hebrew place names. Moserah (or Moseroth) is a geographical location and The name is associated with the place where Aaron, the brother of Moses and the first high priest, died and was buried.

As the name suggests, Moseroth,

meaning; Correction, bonds or bonds of discipline;

likely served as a place of learning for the Israelites. It was a location where they were reminded of the importance of obedience and faithfulness to God’s commands. In the broader narrative, Moseroth represents the spiritual discipline and growth that the Israelites experienced during their time in the wilderness. Just as the Israelites were being disciplined and taught to trust in God, today we are called to adhere to God’s commandments and to cultivate a disciplined spiritual life. Hebrews 12:11 states, “No discipline seems pleasant at the time, but painful. Later on, however, it produces a harvest of righteousness and peace for those who have been trained by it.

All training involves guidance and correction at various times. The phrase “through the bond of peace” highlights the means by which unity is maintained.

The Greek word for bond, “syndesmos,” suggests:

a ligament or that which binds together.

Paul suggests qualities of humility, gentleness, patience and forbearance and maintaining mutual respect. Fruit of the indwelling Holy Spirit that, when cultivated in the believer’s life, help keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace, in the congregation. He taught extensively in Ephesians 2:11–22 that maintaining such unIty, oneness and peace among believers of decidedly different backgrounds, is possible only because of Messiah’s work of reconciliation.

31They departed from Moseroth and camped at Bene Jaakan. 

Numbers 33:31 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִמֹּסֵר֑וֹת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בִּבְנֵ֥י
NAS: They journeyed from Moseroth and camped
KJV: And they departed from Moseroth,and pitched
INT: journeyed Moseroth and camped Bene-jaakan

Numbers 33:31 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בִּבְנֵ֥י יַעֲקָֽן׃ 
NAS: and camped at Bene-jaakan.
KJV: and pitched in Benejaakan.
INT: Moseroth and camped Bene-jaakan

Bene Yaaqan: Bene Jaakan

Original Word: בְּנֵי יַעֲקָן
Transliteration: Bene Yaaqan
Pronunciation: beh-NAY yah-ah-KAHN
Phonetic Spelling: (ben-ay’ yah-ak-awn’)
Definition: Bene Jaakan
Meaning: to hack with words, revile, blaspheme and derived from

בֵּן (ben, meaning “son”) and יַעֲקָן (Yaaqan, a personal name).

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Bene Yaaqan, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, related concepts of journeying and encampment can be found in Greek terms like στρατοπεδεύω (stratopedeuō, meaning “to encamp”).

For us today we are encouraged that as part of His family we know that: The lord encamps around those who fear, (reverently respect) Him. Psalm 34:7.

Bene Yaaqan refers to a location named after the descendants of Jaakan, a clan or family group. The name reflects the common practice of naming places after prominent family groups or individuals. The wilderness journey was a formative period for the Israelites, shaping their identity as God’s chosen people and teaching them reliance on divine guidance. 

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin from ben and Yaaqan
Definition “sons of Jaakan,” a place in the desert.

 32They moved from Bene Jaakan and camped at Hor Hagidgad.

Numbers 33:32 
HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּחֹ֥ר הַגִּדְגָּֽד׃ 
NAS: and camped at Hor-haggidgad.
KJV: and encamped at Horhagidgad.
INT: Bene-jaakan and camped Hor-haggidga

2735 [e] hag·giḏ·gāḏ.
הַגִּדְגָּֽד׃
Hor Hagidgad

Chor Haggidgad: Chor Haggidgad

Original Word: חֹר הַגִּדְגָּד
Transliteration: Chor Haggidgad
Pronunciation: khohr hag-GID-gad
Phonetic Spelling: (khore hag-ghid-gawd’)
Definition: Chor Haggidgad
Meaning: Chor-hag-Gidgad

Derived from two Hebrew words: חֹר (chor) meaning:

“hole” or “cave” and

גִּדְגָּד (giddgad),

which is of uncertain origin but is a proper name.

Hole in the cleft.

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Chor Haggidgad, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of wilderness wanderings and encampments can be related to Greek terms used in the Septuagint for similar narratives. The Israelites’ journey through the wilderness, represents a time of testing, reliance on God, and preparation for entering the Promised Land.

The name itself suggests a geographical feature,

possibly a cave or a hollow,

which may have been a notable landmark for the Israelites. For us as we read the scriptures in Exodus 33:22 This verse describes how God promised to protect Moses with His hand while His glory passed by in a cleft of the rock. The “cleft of the rock” is a place of: safety and refuge.

The Hebrew word for “cleft” is “נִקְרָה” (niqrah),

which implies a split or fissure in the rock.

This imagery is powerful, symbolizing: God’s protection and provision which will always be there for us as we walk in obedience to His Word and commands.

 

 

  33They went from Hor Hagidgad and camped at Jotbathah.

Numbers 33:33 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵחֹ֣ר הַגִּדְגָּ֑ד וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּיָטְבָֽתָה׃
NAS: They journeyed from Hor-haggidgadand camped
KJV: And they went from Horhagidgad, and pitched
INT: journeyed Hor-haggidgad and camped Jotbathah

3193 [e] bə·yā·ṭə·ḇā·ṯāh.
בְּיָטְבָֽתָה׃
at Jotbathah

Yotbathah: Yotbathah

Original Word: יָטְבָתָה
Transliteration: Yotbathah
Pronunciation: yoht-bah-THAH
Phonetic Spelling: (yot-baw’-thaw)
Definition: Yotbathah
Meaning: pleasantness and derived from the root יָטַב (yatab), meaning:

“to be good” goodness or

“to be pleasant/pleasantness.”

There are no direct Greek equivalents for Yotbathah in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a specific Hebrew place name.

As noted, Yotbathah is a place name in the Hebrew Bible, meaning pleasantness or goodness. Yotbathah is described as a location with abundant water resources, which would have been a significant and welcome feature for the Israelites during their desert wanderings. The mention of Yotbathah again highlights the provision and sustenance that God provided for His people in a harsh and arid environment.

The exact location of Yotbathah is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally associated with a region in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula.  It is described as being near Ezion-geber. Jotbathah, a place with streams of water in the desert, this foreshadows Messiah Who described Himself as the Living Water. In John 4:14, Jesus says, “But whoever drinks the water I give them will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give them will become in them a spring of water welling up to eternal life.” Just as Jotbathah provided physical water to sustain the Israelites, Jesus/Yeshua provides spiritual water to sustain and give eternal life to believers.

  34They moved from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah. Or Ebronah

Numbers 33:34 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִיָּטְבָ֑תָה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעַבְרֹנָֽה׃
NAS: They journeyed from Jotbathah and camped
KJV: And they removed from Jotbathah, and encamped
INT: journeyed Jotbathah and camped Abronah

5684 [e] bə·‘aḇ·rō·nāh.
בְּעַבְרֹנָֽה׃
at Abronah

Abronah: Abronah

Abronah (עַבְרֹנָה, H5684), deriving from the Hebrew word signifying a crossing or passage,

Original Word: עַבְרֹנָה
Transliteration: Abronah
Pronunciation: ahv-ro-NAH
Phonetic Spelling: (eb-raw-naw’)
Definition: feminine of transitional
Meaning: Ebronah is derived from the Hebrew root

עָבַר (avar),

meaning: “to pass over” or “to cross.”

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Abronah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of 

crossing or passage

can be related to Greek words like

διάβασις (diabasis), meaning “crossing” or “passage.”

Abronah likely signifies a place of crossing or passage, reflecting its role in the Israelites’ travels. It was a campsite near Ezion-geber. This place, located near a port city on the Red Sea, marked a significant point in the Israelites’ wilderness journey. The proximity to Ezion-geber, a crucial trading hub, adds to its importance, symbolizing a transition from the desolation of the wilderness to the edge of the Promised Land.

The journey was a formative period for the Israelites, shaping their identity as God’s chosen people. Each encampment, including Abronah, represents a step in their spiritual and physical journey towards the fulfillment of God’s promises. Abronah, specifically, might have symbolized a moment of crossing or transition, reflecting the broader narrative of the Israelites moving from slavery in Egypt to freedom in the Promised Land. This crossing is symbolic of the broader spiritual journey that believers undergo, transitioning from a life of bondage to sin to the freedom found in God’s promises. The story of Abronah underscores the personal relationship between God and His people. God’s guidance through each campsite reflects His intimate involvement in the lives of the Israelites.

For us today, this emphasizes the importance of maintaining a personal and trusting relationship with our Heavenly Father. Knowing that He is personally invested in our journey can bring comfort and assurance. It foreshadows the spiritual journey that  we undertake with Messiah as our guide. Yeshua/Jesus leads believers through life’s trials, much like our Heavenly Father led the Israelites through the wilderness.

Just as Abronah represented a crossing for the Israelites, Yeshua/Jesus represents the ultimate crossing for believers. Through His sacrifice on the cross, Messiah made it possible for humanity to transition from:

death to life,

from sin to righteousness.

This spiritual transition is central to our faith and highlights the significance of Yeshua/Jesus’ ongoing role in our lives.

 

 35They departed from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber. 

Numbers 33:35 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵֽעַבְרֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֶצְי֥וֹן
NAS: They journeyed from Abronah and camped
KJV: And they departed from Ebronah, and encamped
INT: journeyed Abronah and camped Ezion-geber

6100 [e] gā·ḇer.
גָּֽבֶר׃
Ezion Geber

Etsyon Geber: Ezion-Geber

Original Word: עֶצְיֹן גֶּבֶר
Transliteration: Etsyon Geber
Pronunciation: et-see-ohn geh’-ber
Phonetic Spelling: (ets-yone’ gheh’ber)
Definition: Ezion-Geber
Meaning: Etsjon-Geber. Derived from עֶצֶה (etsah, meaning “backbone” or “spine”) and גֶּבֶר (geber, meaning “man” or “strong”) Backbone like of a man, a place on the red sea.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Ezion-Geber, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, related Greek terms might include those referring to ports or harbors, such as

λιμήν (limen, meaning “harbor”).

Ezion-Geber is often associated with a port or harbor on the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba, near the modern city of Aqaba in Jordan.

As noted, the name can be interpreted as backbone of a man, or giant’s backbone, possibly referring to the rugged terrain or the strength of the location as a trading hub. Ezion-Geber was an important port city during the time of the Israelite monarchy. It served as a key location for trade and maritime activities. The city was strategically located on the Red Sea, facilitating trade with regions such as Ophir and Sheba. Archaeological evidence suggests that Ezion-Geber was a center for copper smelting and trade. This city played a significant role in Israel’s history, particularly during the reigns of King Solomon and King Jehoshaphat.

 It is also referenced additionally, in 1 Kings 9:26 and 2 Chronicles 8:17, it is noted that King Solomon built a fleet of ships at Ezion-geber, which were used for trade and exploration, in the context of joint naval expeditions with King Ahaziah of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah. These expeditions aimed to bring back gold from Ophir, showcasing the strategic importance of Ezion-geber as a trading port.

The significance of Ezion-geber lies in its historical and geographical context within the biblical narrative, serving as:

a tangible reminder of the Israelites’ journey,

the prosperity of Solomon’s reign, and

the alliances formed during the time of the divided kingdom.

Ezion-geber was a crucial port city in ancient Israel, known for its: maritime activities,

trade connections, and

strategic importance in the region.

Its mention in the Bible underscores the historical accuracy and reliability of the biblical accounts, providing valuable insights into the socio-political landscape of the ancient Near East.

 36They moved from Ezion Geber and camped in the Wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh.

a desert area which included Kadesh-barnea

Numbers 33:36 
HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵעֶצְי֣וֹן גָּ֑בֶר וַיַּחֲנ֥וּ בְמִדְבַּר־
NAS: They journeyed from Ezion-geber and camped
KJV: And they removed from Eziongaber, and pitched
INT: journeyed Ezion-geber and camped the wilderness

Numbers 33:36 
HEB: וַיַּחֲנ֥וּ בְמִדְבַּר־ צִ֖ן הִ֥וא קָדֵֽשׁ׃
NAS: in the wilderness of Zin, that is, Kadesh.
KJV: in the wilderness of Zin, which [is] Kadesh.
INT: and camped the wilderness of Zinthat is Kadesh

6790 Tsin: Zin

Original Word: צִן
Transliteration: Tsin
Pronunciation: tseen
Phonetic Spelling: (tseen)
Definition: Zin
Meaning: Tsin Derived from an unused root meaning to prick or to pierce, it also means a crag as in a rocky place. There is no direct Greek equivalent for the Hebrew “Tsin” as it is a specific geographical location unique to the Hebrew Bible.The term “Tsin” refers to a desert region in the southern part of ancient Israel.

The Wilderness of Tsin is a significant location in the narrative of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt. It is part of the larger desert area known as the Negev, characterized by its arid climate and sparse,  vegetation. The region served as a testing ground for the Israelites, where they faced challenges such as lack of water and food, leading to moments of doubt and rebellion against God. This uncomfortable place in the wilderness experience was crucial in shaping the identity and faith of the Israelite community.

For both groups and individuals, the times of discomfort reveal where and in whom we have placed out trust. When our comfort zone is challenged and things we desire are out of reach due to circumstances beyond our control, to whom do we turn? Crags are usually sharp rocks and one meaning of zin being to prick is often how the enemy will test us and our reactions. We often say it as poking the bear, or pressing our buttons.

The adversary knows our weaknesses and shortcomings often better than we know ourselves; and the Lord allows it so we can see where we need to grow and change and in the process; not allowing those pricking situations to stunt the maturing of spiritual fruit in our lives. Every time we react the devil knows he has won a small victory, so the more we mature in Messiah, the less he will illicit a response from us and he will eventually leave us alone in that area. Developing christlikeness is an ongoing process which will continue until we leave this earth. We are to stay vigilant spiritually because just as Messiah was tempted in the wilderness and won over the devil, we are told he left Him until an opportune time. “Now when the devil had ended every temptation, he departed from Him until an opportune time” Luke 4:13.  That opportune time is one when we least expect it and we may be spiritually unprepared or physically tired or both. We are warned: Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. The answer is in His Word 1Peter 5:8  Be sober [well balanced and self-disciplined], be alert and cautious at all times.

Numbers 33:36 
HEB: צִ֖ן הִ֥וא קָדֵֽשׁ׃ 
NAS: of Zin, that is, Kadesh.
KJV: of Zin, which [is] Kadesh.
INT: of Zin that is Kadesh

6946 [e] qā·ḏêš.
קָדֵֽשׁ׃
[is] Kadesh

Qadesh: Kadesh

Original Word: קָדֵשׁ
Transliteration: Qadesh
Pronunciation: kah-DAYSH
Phonetic Spelling: (kaw-dashe’)
Meaning: Kadesh Derived from the Hebrew root

קָדַשׁ (qadash), meaning:

“to be holy” or “to be set apart.”

It also means:

A Sanctuary, a set aside, a set apart person.

There is no direct Greek equivalent for Kadesh in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a proper noun specific to the Hebrew Bible. However, the concept of holiness, related to the root of Kadesh, can be linked to Greek words such as

 ἅγιος (hagios), meaning “holy” or “sacred.”

Kadesh is a significant location in the biblical narrative, often referred to as Kadesh-barnea. The name itself suggests a place of sanctity or holiness, possibly indicating its importance as a site of divine encounters or significant events. Kadesh-barnea is located in the northeastern part of the Sinai Peninsula, near the border of Canaan. It served as a major encampment for the Israelites during their wilderness wanderings. The site is historically significant as a place of both divine revelation and human rebellion. It was here that Moses sent the twelve spies to scout the Promised Land, and it was also the location where the Israelites grumbled against God, leading to their extended period in the wilderness.

Note here on the name Kadesh:

There are 2 places that are referred to as Kadesh, one was kadesh in the wilderness of Paran, Numbers 13:26, referred to here as Ritthmah but its proper name is Kadesh.

 The people stayed at this campsite for 19 years according to Deuteronomy 1:46 so you abode in Kadesh many days 19 years according to the days that you abode there.

The other place that is called Kadesh is in Numbers 33:36 where they came on the first day of the fifth month of the 40th year where Miriam died on a new moon and where it was decreed that Aaron and Moses would not enter the land.

 37They moved from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom.

Numbers 33:37 
HEB: מִקָּדֵ֑שׁ וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בְּהֹ֣ר הָהָ֔ר בִּקְצֵ֖ה
NAS: at Mount Hor, at the edge
KJV: in mount Hor, in the edge
INT: Kadesh and camped Hor Mount the edge

2022 [e]
hā·hār,
הָהָ֔ר
Mount

2023 [e]
bə·hōr
בְּהֹ֣ר
at Hor

hor har: Mountain, hill, hill country

Original Word: הַר
Transliteration: har
Pronunciation: har
Phonetic Spelling: (har)
Definition: Mountain, hill, hill country
Meaning: a mountain, range of hills a peak in Idumaea, land of Edom and of one in Syria. From an unused root meaning to loom up

ὄρος (oros) – Strong’s Greek 3735: This Greek word is used in the New Testament to denote a mountain or hill, similar to the Hebrew “har.”

It appears in contexts such as the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5:1) and the Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1). The Hebrew word “har” primarily refers to a mountain or hill. It is used throughout the Old Testament to describe physical elevations in the landscape, often serving as significant geographical markers.

Mountains in biblical texts are frequently associated with:

divine encounters,

covenants,

and revelations.

They are places where God meets with His people, such as Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments, and Mount Zion, which holds theological significance as the site of Jerusalem and the Temple.

In ancient Near Eastern cultures, mountains were often seen as sacred spaces, believed to be closer to the divine realm. This cultural perception is reflected in the Bible, where mountains are settings for pivotal events in Israel’s history. The Israelites, like their neighbors, viewed mountains as places of strength and refuge, as well as sites for worship and sacrifice. It is why so many of the heathen idol worshippers built their altars to demonic entities and fallen angels on the tops of hills and mountains; and why God always told His people to destroy the high places of idol worship. 

But in the midst of all this idolatry an unidentified man of God prophesied against the altar on the high place, and spoke of a king to come named Josiah who would destroy the high places. 1kings 13

He removed the high places andsmashed the sacred stones and cut down the Asherah poles. 2 Kings18: 4:-22

The topography of the land of Israel, with its numerous hills and mountains, reinforced this cultural and religious significance.

For us today Paul gives us a warning:

Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind. Col. 2:18.

Because we think of idolatry as an ancient way of worshiping demon gods, we tend to miss the idols in our own life. Idolatry isn’t confined to worshipping a golden statue or praying to trinkets. It’s much broader than that.  A helpful definition would be: An idol is when something that, or someone who, becomes more important to us than God and our time and relationship with Him. Regular checkups will help to eliminate ‘idols’ that sneak into our lives.

Mount Hor is a significant location mentioned in the Old Testament, with two distinct references to different mountains.

One is associated with Edom, where Aaron, the brother of Moses, was buried, and the other is a boundary marker in Lebanon.

Mount Hor of Edom

Mount Hor of Edom is most prominently mentioned in Numbers 20:22-29 and Deuteronomy 32:50. This mountain holds a special place in biblical history as the site where Aaron, the first high priest of Israel and brother of Moses, died and was buried.

Numbers 20:22-29 describes the journey of the Israelites from Kadesh to Mount Hor. The Lord commanded Moses to take Aaron and his son Eleazar up the mountain. On the summit, Moses stripped Aaron of his priestly garments and placed them on Eleazar, signifying the transfer of the high priesthood. Aaron then died on the mountain, and the Israelites mourned his death for thirty days. This event marked a significant transition in the leadership of Israel’s priesthood.

Deuteronomy 32:50 also refers to Mount Hor in the context of Moses’ impending death. God instructed Moses to view the Promised Land from Mount Nebo, where he would die and be gathered to his people, similar to Aaron’s death on Mount Hor.

Mount Hor of Lebanon

Mount Hor in Lebanon is mentioned in Numbers 34:7-8 as a boundary marker for the land that the Israelites were to inherit. This Mount Hor served as a northern boundary of the Promised Land, delineating the extent of the territory allocated to the Israelites.

The account of Aaron’s death on Mount Hor underscores the importance of obedience to God’s commands and the orderly transition of leadership. Aaron’s passing and the transfer of his priestly duties to Eleazar highlight the necessity of maintaining spiritual continuity and faithfulness in leadership roles.

For us today, this serves as a reminder that leadership in the church and in life should be conducted with integrity and a focus on God’s instructions; and not our interpretation of them. It also emphasizes the importance of preparing and equipping the next generation to carry forward the work of the ministry. Pauls instructions always include wise cautions. 1 Timothy 3:6. 6 He must not be a recent convert, or he may become conceited and fall under the same judgment as the devil. This verse adds one additional qualification to those given for elders in verses one through seven; new believers are not prepared to lead other believers. The Israelites’ mourning for Aaron for thirty days signifies the importance of honoring those who have faithfully served God. In a contemporary context, this encourages believers to show respect and gratitude to those who have dedicated their lives to spiritual leadership and service.

The reference to Mount Hor in Lebanon as a boundary marker for the Promised Land, highlights the significance of God’s promises and the fulfillment of His covenant. It reminds Christians that the Lord God sets boundaries and provides inheritance according to His divine plan. This encourages believers to trust in God’s provision and timing, knowing that He is faithful to fulfill His promises. The detailed instructions given regarding Aaron’s death and the transfer of the priesthood to Eleazar reflect God’s care and attention to leadership transitions. This demonstrates God’s loving concern for the well-being and spiritual continuity of His people.

For us today, it’s reassuring to know that our Heavenly Father is involved in all the details of our lives and leadership transitions. Whether in personal life, church leadership, or other areas, He provides guidance and ensures that His purposes are accomplished through orderly and faithful transitions.

The mourning period for Aaron reflects our Heavenly Father’s understanding and allowance for human grief. It shows that He recognizes the significance of loss, and provides space for His people to mourn and honor the deceased.

Isaiah 53:5-12 Messiah knows our struggles. “He was a man of sorrows, familiar with suffering.” He knows exactly what we are going through. Hebrews 4:15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. These words show the nature and the limits of the sympathy of Messiah. He suffers with His people, not merely showing compassion to those who are suffering and tempted, but taking to Himself what we are going through. He knew loss, for example, when He heard His cousin John had been beheaded.  Matthew 14:13

Yeshau/Jesus’ response to John the Baptist’s death is deeply moving and reveals His perspective on John’s ministry and its significance.

Christians today can take comfort in knowing that God is compassionate and empathetic during times of loss and mourning. He offers His presence and comfort, encouraging believers to grieve with hope and assurance of His eternal care.

Mount Hor, with its dual references in the Bible, holds significant lessons and spiritual insights for us today. The events at Mount Hor of Edom highlight the importance of:

obedience,

leadership transitions,

and honoring those who serve God faithfully.

The reference to Mount Hor in Lebanon once again underscores God’s faithfulness in fulfilling His promises and setting boundaries for His people. These biblical accounts also point to deeper connections with God’s loving care and the ultimate fulfillment of His promises in Messiah. Believers are encouraged to:

trust in His guidance,

honor spiritual leaders, and

find assurance in the eternal High Priesthood of Messiah.

Through these lessons, we can continue to draw closer to our Heavenly Father, understanding His involvement in their lives and His faithfulness in all circumstances is a reflection of His involvement in ours.

The mention of Mount Hor in Lebanon as a boundary of the Promised Land symbolizes the fulfillment of God’s promises. In Messiah, believers find the ultimate fulfillment of His promises. Yeshua/Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection secure the eternal inheritance promised to God’s people.

2 Corinthians 1:20 states, “For no matter how many promises God has made, they are ‘Yes’ in Christ. And so through him the ‘Amen’ is spoken by us to the glory of God.” This verse emphasizes that all of our Father’s promises find their fulfillment in Yeshua/Jesus, assuring believers of their inheritance in Him.

2023 [e]bə·hōr
בְּהֹ֣ר
at Hor

Hor: Hor

Original Word: הֹר
Transliteration: Hor
Pronunciation: hōr
Phonetic Spelling: (hore)
Definition: Hor
Meaning: Hor Derived from a root word meaning “mountain” or “hill.”There is no direct Greek equivalent for “Hor” as it is a proper noun specific to Hebrew geography and narrative. However, the concept of mountains and significant locations can be related to Greek terms like “ὄρος” (oros), meaning “mountain.

Mount Hor is traditionally identified with a mountain in the region of Edom, near the border of modern-day Jordan. It holds cultural and religious significance as the place where Aaron, the first high priest of Israel, died and was buried. This event marks a pivotal moment in the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, symbolizing the transition of priestly leadership from Aaron to his son Eleazar.

Num 33:38-39 Aaron was 123 yers old when he died in mount Hor.

Israel arrived at Kadesh where Miriam had died on a new moon in the 1st month of the 40th year. Aaron died exactly 5 months later after they moved to Mount Hor. Aaron died on mount Hor on a new moon of the 5th month of the 40th year.

Again we are to remember that the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, with all its camps, ultimately points forward to the greater journey of redemption that is fulfilled in Messiah. Just as our Heavenly Father guided His people through the wilderness, Yeshua/Jesus is the Good Shepherd who leads and guides His followers today. IJohn 10:27, He said “My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.” Ultimately leading His people to a place of true shalom, rest and blessing. This journey filled with hardship and trials finds its ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua/Jesus, who leads us to the true Promised Land which is eternal life with Him. In Messiah, we find the fulfillment of all our Heavenly Father’s promises, and through Him, we have the assurance that He will guide us safely to our heavenly home.

Hebrews 4:9-10 tells us, “There remains, then, a Sabbath-rest for the people of God; for anyone who enters God’s rest also rests from their works, just as God did from His.”

Through Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ, we are invited to enter into God’s rest; a rest that is not merely physical but spiritual and eternal. As we journey through life, with all its challenges and wilderness seasons, we can find shalom, peace and rest in the finished work of Messiah, knowing that He has secured our place in the ultimate Promised Land.

End of Part 4…

Our journey will conclude in Part 5..

Shalom mishpachah/family

and cheverim/friends!

It’s all about Life and Relationship,

NOT Religion.

You are greatly loved and precious in His sight.

NOT SURE?

YOU CAN BE..

SAY THE FOLLOWING FROM YOUR HEART RIGHT NOW…

Heavenly Father I come to you in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua asking for forgiveness of my sins for which I am truly sorry. I repent of them all and turn away from my past.

I believe with my heart and confess with my mouth that Jesus/Yeshua is your Son and that He died on the cross at calvary to pay the price for my sin, so that I might be forgiven and have eternal life in the kingdom of Heaven. Father I believe that Jesus/Yeshua rose from the dead and I ask you to come into my life right now and be my personal Savior and Lord and I will worship you all the days of my life. Because your word is truth I say that I am now forgiven and born again and by faith I am washed clean with the blood of Jesus/Yeshua. Thank you that you have accepted me into your family in Jesus’/Yeshua’s name. Amen.