In our journey through the wilderness we are no doubt seeing repetition in the experiences the Israelites faced and the locations they camped. There is reasoning behind it, both for them and for us; because repetition strengthens memory formation. Our learning curve needs constant reinforcement to become consistent, forming a habit. Not all habits are bad, and repeating everything at leastthree times helps to store it in our long-term memories. Our Heavenly Father created us and surely knows we are often slow to learn the important life lessons He is trying to teach us; and even more resistant to understand the spiritual consequences of being slow to obey, with any of a myriad of excuses including fear and apathy.
Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God”. Luke 9:57-62.
The dangers of delaying obedience to any of His commands are two-fold. First, we will grow spiritually indifferent, lazy and apathetic. We neglect doing what we know the Lord commands of us, and our heart grows cold. We think we are ok and consequently the things of God become routine and our desires for prayer, the Word, and spiritual service are quenched; we end up just going through the motions but are lacking in our joy-filled spiritual life. The second consequence of delay in obeying known commands is that we grow to accept disobedience as not being a big deal and no longer see it as sin. To be backslidden, know it, and do nothing about it, is the worst of conditions; and some will say, “I know I am not where I should be spiritually” but make no effort to change. This condition will only be remedied by genuine repentance.
Psalm119:32 says, “I will quickly obey your commands”
Psalm 119:60, I will hasten and not delay to obey your commands.
That means we don’t pause to question our Heavenly Father’s instructions before we obey them. Messiah emphasized the importance of obedience and He called all believers to obey Him. He said:
If you love me, obey my commandments. John 14:15.
He addressed people who openly professed Him as Lord but did not yield to His Lordship.
Obedience is the hallmark of submission and a key to immediate deliverance.
Therefore, as followers of Messiah, we must commit ourselves to obey Him in all aspects of our lives.
This may answer some of our questions as to why things in our lives seem to repeat over and over. The Lord will allow us to go around the same mountain until we learn the lesson He is trying to teach us. When we finally ‘get it’, it will be time to move out and His Spirit pillar of cloud/ fire will lead us forward to the next camp and the next challenge.
Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept, Line upon line, line upon line, Here a little, there a little.”Is 28:9-10.
Last week we read that….
15 They departed from Rephidim and camped in the Wilderness of Sinai. 16 They moved from the Wilderness of Sinai and camped at [b]Kibroth Hattaavah. 17 They departed from Kibroth Hattaavah and camped at Hazeroth. 18 They departed from Hazeroth and camped at Rithmah. 19 They departed from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez. 20 They departed from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah. 21 They moved from Libnah and camped at Rissah. 22 They journeyed from Rissah and camped at Kehelathah. 23 They went from Kehelathah and camped at Mount Shepher. 24 They moved from Mount Shepher and camped at Haradah. 25 They moved from Haradah and camped at Makheloth.
Now let’s continue with the children of Israel as
26 They moved from Makheloth and camped at Tahath. 27 They departed from Tahath and camped at Terah. 28 They moved from Terah and camped at Mithkah. 29 They went from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah. 30 They departed from Hashmonah and camped at Moseroth. 31 They departed from Moseroth and camped at Bene Jaakan. 32 They moved from Bene Jaakan and camped at Hor Hagidgad. 33 They went from Hor Hagidgad and camped at Jotbathah. 34 They moved from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah. 35 They departed from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber. 36 They moved from Ezion Geber and camped in the Wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh. 37 They moved from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom.
26 They moved from Makheloth and camped at Tahath.
Numbers 33:26 HEB:מִמַּקְהֵלֹ֑ת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽחַת׃ NAS: from Makheloth and camped at Tahath. KJV: and encamped at Tahath. INT: Makheloth and camped Tahath
8480 Tachath: Under, beneath, instead of, in place of
Original Word: תַּחַת Transliteration: Tachath Pronunciation: tah’-khath Phonetic Spelling: (takh’-ath) Definition: Under, beneath, instead of, in place of Word Origin: A primitive root
Greek G473: ἀντί (anti) – meaning “instead of” or “in place of” Also G5270: ὑπό (hypo) – meaning “under” or “beneath”
The Hebrew word Tachath
is primarily used as a preposition meaning:
under or beneath.
It can also convey the idea of
substitution, as in instead of or in place of.
This dual usage reflects both:
a physical positioning and
a conceptual replacement or exchange.
In ancient Hebrew culture, the concept of substitution was significant, especially in religious and legal contexts. The idea of one thing being under or in place of another is seen in various aspects of life, from sacrificial systems to social structures. The use of Tachath in the Hebrew Bible often reflects these cultural norms, where physical location and metaphorical substitution are intertwined.
For us the ultimate Tahath, in the meaning of substitution and exchange is in Messiah life death and resurrection. Yeshua/Jesus is our propitiation, sacrifice, redemption, reconciliation, justification and advocate in the biblical terms and doctrine of substitutionary atonement. He died in our place.
This brief reference places Tahath near the journey’s midpoint, between the wilderness of Paran and the plains of Moab. Although the Bible does not provide extensive details about Tahath, its inclusion in the list of encampments underscores its role in the broader narrative of Israel’s wilderness wanderings.
Tahath is mentioned in close proximity to Mount Hor, the location where Aaron, the high priest and brother of Moses, died Numbers 20:22-29. Mount Hor is traditionally identified with Jebel Harun, located near Petra in modern-day Jordan.
The proximity of Tahath to such a significant site suggests that it was a part of the challenging and emotional journey the Israelites experienced in the wilderness. Their journey was not just a physical trek; it was a spiritual journey filled with lessons, trials, and divine encounters. Each location mentioned in the biblical narrative, including Tahath, served as a marker of God’s ongoing work in shaping His people into a nation that would trust and obey Him. Here we understand that He is shaping us too into people who will trust and obey Him.
Although only mentioned briefly, Tahath may seem insignificant at first glance, however it carries a deeper lesson for us today, reminding us that every step in our spiritual journey is important. Just as Tahath was one of the many stops in the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, every season in our lives—whether filled with triumphs or challenges—plays a role in shaping us and growing our faith.
In our walk with God, we may find ourselves in places that seem uneventful or mundane, much like the stop at Tahath. However, it is in these moments that God often works quietly and profoundly in our hearts. The Israelites’ journey was not just about reaching a destination; it was about learning to trust God, even in the wilderness. Similarly, our journey of faith involves trusting God and His faithfulness in every season of our lives, knowing that He is with us and is leading us according to His perfect plan. Again its not just about reaching the end of the journey – it’s about the lessons we learn along the WAY.
Along with other wilderness stops, Tahath highlights the importance of obedience and trust in our Heavenly Father’s guidance, because He sees and knows the end from the beginning. The Israelites were required to follow His leading, as He guided them by a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. Their obedience was critical to their survival and success in reaching the Promised Land.
For us, Tahath serves as a reminder that we, too, are called to obey and trust our Father’s guidance in our lives. We may not always understand the reasons for the places He leads us to, but we can trust that His ways are higher than ours. Isaiah 55:8-9. Our obedience to His Word and our trust in His plan are essential as we journey through the challenges and uncertainties of life. So whether we are experiencing times of abundance, or walking through our own barren wilderness that seems inhospitable, God is with us, guiding and sustaining us. His faithfulness is not dependent on our circumstances; it is rooted in His unchanging character.
Just as God faithfully led the Israelites through the wilderness, He leads us today, and our journey is similarly marked by His continual provision, protection, and presence, even in the most difficult, desolate and lonely places.
Although the wilderness seemed so barren, it was there that the Israelites experienced God’s presence in profound ways. Here they received the Torah and His Covenant, they saw His daily provision of manna, and witnessed His miracles.
For us today, the wilderness can symbolize times of testing, waiting, or difficult circumstances; yet it’s often in these wilderness seasons that we experience God’s presence most deeply. When we feel lost, uncertain, or weary, we can take comfort in knowing that He is with us, just as He was with the Israelites at Tahath and throughout their whole journey.
Numbers 33:27 HEB:מִתָּ֑חַת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽרַח׃ NAS: from Tahath and camped at Terah. KJV: from Tahath, and pitched at Tarah. INT: Tahath and camped Terah
Numbers 33:27 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִתָּ֑חַת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּתָֽרַח׃ NAS: They journeyed from Tahath and camped KJV: And they departed from Tahath, and pitched INT: journeyed Tahath and camped Terah
There is no direct Greek equivalent for Terach in the Septuagint or the New Testament, as it is a proper name specific to the Hebrew Bible.
The meaning here of delay is often mentioned in connection with a delay in answers to our prayers; it is not denial but simply that, delay. It can be that the timing for the prayers answer or fulfillment is not yet reached and we are just to wait, learning patience which will strengthen and support, undergirding our faith. It is often said there are 3 answers to prayer: Yes, No, and Wait; all of them are subject to our Heavenly Fathers plans and purposes, we are not to dictate to Him how or when He is to do what we ask of Him. So be encouraged that if we hear Him say Terach, its all in the timing, He has not forgotten us.
Terach is a proper noun used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to the father of Abraham, Nahor, and Haran. He is a significant patriarchal figure in the genealogies of Genesis, representing a transitional link between the post-Flood generations and the patriarchs of Israel. Terach lived during a time when polytheism was prevalent in Mesopotamia. According to Jewish tradition and some interpretations of the biblical text, Terach was an idol maker, which highlights the contrast between his background and the monotheistic faith of his son Abraham. Terach’s journey from Ur of the Chaldeans to Haran marks a significant movement in the narrative of the Hebrew Bible, setting the stage for Abraham’s call by God to go to Canaan.
Not much is detailed about the events that took place at Terah, its inclusion in the biblical record highlights its role in the larger story of God’s faithfulness and provision for His people during a time of great testing and trial.
In Numbers 33:27-28, we read: “They set out from Tahath and camped at Terah. They set out from Terah and camped at Mithkah.”
The wilderness journey, of which Terah was a part, was not merely a physical journey but also a spiritual one. The Israelites’ time in the desert was characterized by challenges that tested their faith and obedience to God. The wilderness served as a place of cleansing and purification, where the people were taught to rely on God alone for their needs.
Terah, represents a pause in the journey, a moment of rest and reflection. Each encampment provided the Israelites with an opportunity to trust in God’s provision and to learn valuable lessons that would prepare them for the challenges ahead. The meaning of wander in the word Terah, is a warning to stay focused and single minded on where we are headed and not be tempted to wander off in a direction that look like an easier way. The narrow WAY is the only WAY, even when the broad way tries to lure and convince our fleshly senses otherwise.
Key lessons we can learn from Terah are the importance of trusting in God’s provision and of the importance of focused perseverance. The Israelites’ experience in the wilderness was marked by moments of doubt and complaint, but He remained patient with them, guiding them towards the fulfillment of His promises.
For us the lesson of perseverance is crucial. Our spiritual journey may involve trials and setbacks, but we are called to press on, trusting that He is with us and that He will bring us to the fulfillment of His promises. Hebrews encourages us to “run with perseverance the race marked out for us, fixing our eyes on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of faith” Hebrews 12:1-2. Just as the Israelites were called to continue their journey towards the Promised Land, we are called to continue our journey of faith, relying on God’s strength and guidance.
For us this truth remains powerful and relevant. Our Fathers Holy Spirit is with us in every season of life, whether we are in a time of abundance or a time of trial. The promise of God’s presence is a central theme throughout Scripture, and it is a source of great comfort for believers. Jesus/Yeshua Himself promised, “I am with you always, to the very end of the age” Matthew 28:20.This promise encourages us to trust in God’s unfailing love and to know that He is always near, guiding and sustaining us through every challenge we face. Despite the Israelites’ and our frequent failures and complaints, our Heavenly Father remains faithful to His covenant.
Numbers 33:28 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִתָּ֑רַח וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּמִתְקָֽה׃ NAS: They journeyed from Terah and camped KJV: And they removed from Tarah, and pitched INT: journeyed Terah and camped Mithkah
Derived from the Hebrew root מָתַק (matak),
Mithkah (מִתְקָה, H4989) can be translated as “sweetness” or “pleasantness,”and meaning “to be sweet” or “to become sweet.” There are no direct Greek equivalents for Mithqah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of “sweetness” can be related to Greek words like γλυκύς (glykys), meaning “sweet.”
The name Mithqah likely carries the connotation of “sweetness,” possibly referring to the quality of the water, or the pleasantness of the location. It is located near Mount Hor.
The journey of the Israelites, including their stop at Mithkah, illustrates again the importance of trusting in God’s guidance. As they traveled through the wilderness, often facing harsh conditions and uncertainties, they relied on His direction through Moses. For us today, Mithkah symbolizes the necessity of trusting even when the path ahead seems unclear.Proverbs 3:5-6encourages us,“Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your paths straight.”
Each location they camped at, including Mithkah, was a step towards spiritual maturity and deeper faith in God.
James 1:2-4, teaches us toconsider it pure joywhen we face trials, because the testing of our faith produces perseverance, leading to spiritual maturity and the development of spiritual fruit.
Mithkah in the Israelites’ journey underscores God’s faithfulness and presence with His people. Despite their frequent disobedience and complaints, God never abandoned them. This unwavering faithfulness is a testament to God’s loving nature. Deuteronomy 31:6 reminds us, “Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid or terrified because of them, for the Lord your God goes with you; he will never leave you nor forsake you.”
Mithkah, also serves as a reminder of the assurance of God’s promises. God’s promise to bring the Israelites to the Promised Land was fulfilled, demonstrating His commitment to His word. For us today, this serves as a powerful reminder that God’s promises are sure and steadfast. As Hebrews 10:23 says, “Let us hold unswervingly to the hope we profess, for he who promised is faithful.”
The geographical proximity of Mithkah to Mount Hor, where Aaron the high priest died and was succeeded by his son Eleazar, Numbers 20:22-29, highlights the theme of priesthood. Messiah, our ultimate High Priest, succeeded in offering Himself as the perfect sacrifice for our sins. Hebrews 4:14-16 speaks of Yeshua/Jesus as our great High Priest who sympathizes with our weaknesses and provides us with grace and mercy.
To sum up, Mithkah like so many of the other locations speaks of, God’s guidance, provision, and faithfulness during the Israelites’ wilderness journey. For us as believers today, Mithkah serves as a reminder to trust in God’s promises, rely on His provision, and remain steadfast in our spiritual journey. Its connection to Mount Hor and the priesthood, also points us to Messiah, our ultimate High Priest, who guides and provides for us. As we reflect on Mithkah, let us be encouraged to trust in God’s leading, find sweetness and pleasantness of the assurance found in His faithfulness, and grow in our sweet and pleasant relationship with Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ.
Numbers 33:29 HEB: מִמִּתְקָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּחַשְׁמֹנָֽה׃ NAS: from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah. KJV: and pitched in Hashmonah. INT: Mithkah and camped Hashmonah
Original Word: חשמונה Transliteration: Chashmonah Pronunciation: khash-mo-NAH Phonetic Spelling: (khash-mo-naw’) Meaning: Chasmonah is derived from an unused root meaning to be fat or fertile.
Fertile ground is good ground for growth, and this has a meaning for us in that; our hearts are prepared before Him and ready to receive the good seed of His Word. His Word planted in us which will grow and mature, becoming fat and fertile spiritually so that we will bear much fruit for His kingdom.
There are no direct Greek equivalents for Chashmonah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name not mentioned in the Greek New Testament. Although Chashmonah is part of the itinerary of the Israelites as they traveled through the wilderness, its specific location is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally considered to be in the region of the Sinai Peninsula. situated near Mount Hor.
Hashmonah, along with the other stops listed in Numbers 33, highlights the importance of trusting in God’s guidance. The Israelites’ journey through the wilderness was not random; it was directed by God, who led them each step of the way. For us, this underscores the importance of trusting in God’s leading, even when the path is unclear or difficult. Just as He guided the Israelites, He continues to guide His people today. The story of Hashmonah is another encouragement to believers to trust in God’s timing and provision, even when the journey seems long or the destination uncertain.
Hashmonah also symbolizes the need for periods of rest and reflection in the believers life. The journey to the Promised Land was arduous, and the campsites provided much-needed rest and an opportunity to prepare for the next stage. In the same way, we are called to find rest in God, taking time to recharge spiritually. This is not only about physical rest but also involves taking time to reflect, pray, and renew our commitment to following God. The Bible teaches the value of Sabbath rest, a principle that encourages believers to regularly pause and seek God’s presence.
Come ye apart and rest awhile. Mark 6:31
when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord. 20 And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: Acts 3:19.
God had from remote times offered to his people “rest” and “refreshing” Is. 28:11
Hashmonah and other encampments in the wilderness journey demonstrates God’s faithfulness and provision. Despite the Israelites’ frequent complaints and disobedience, God remained committed to His covenant promise to bring them to the Promised Land. He provided them with manna, water, and protection along the way. This narrative highlights God’s enduring love and care for His people, even when they falter.
For us, it serves as a reminder that God is faithful, even when we are not. His provision may not always come in the way we expect, but He is always present and working for our good.
With stops on their journey like Hashmonah, they can be seen as a metaphor for our journey of faith. Just as the Israelites were being prepared and refined for their new life in the Promised Land, we too are on a journey of spiritual growth and maturation. As we are being reminded once again, this journey involves challenges, periods of waiting, and lessons in reliance on God. Hashmonah represents one of the many “campsites” along the way where God teaches, refines, and prepares His people for what lies ahead in our lives. This encourages believers to view their own life’s journey as part of God’s refining process, trusting Him through every phase.
This fulfillment of God’s promises in the Old Testament points forward to the ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ. In Christ, all of God’s promises find their “Yes” and “Amen”. 2 Corinthians 1:20. Jesus/Yeshua provides the true rest/shalom as our Sar Shalom/Prince of Peace; and the ultimate “Promised Land” of eternal life. The journey of the Israelites, including the stops at places like Hashmonah, foreshadows the greater journey to full salvation and redemption through Christ/Messiah.
Just as the Israelites followed God’s leading in the wilderness, Christians are called to follow Christ. Messiah invites His followers to “come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest”. Matthew 11:28. The rest that Hashmonah provided is a shadow of the deeper rest found in Christ. This rest involves a cessation from striving and doing our own thing, and having a total reliance on the finished work on His cross. Believers are encouraged to trust in Him for their spiritual journey, finding rest and guidance in Him alone.
To sum up, their camp at Hashmonah is a significant reminder of God’s faithfulness and the journey of faith. It symbolizes the need for trust in His guidance, the importance of spiritual rest, and the continuous provision of God during life’s journey. For us, Hashmonah offers lessons in trusting God’s plan, finding shalom peace and rest in Him, and understanding our journey as part of a larger narrative of the redemption process. It also points to the fulfillment of God’s promises in Messiah, encouraging believers to follow Him faithfully as they journey toward their ultimate “Promised Land” in eternity. Through Hashmonah, we are reminded that every step of our journey is overseen by a loving and faithful Heavenly Father Who guides and provides for His people.
30They departed from Hashmonah and camped at Moseroth.
Numbers 33:30 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵֽחַשְׁמֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּמֹסֵרֽוֹת׃ NAS: They journeyed from Hashmonahand camped KJV: And they departed from Hashmonah,and encamped INT: journeyed Hashmonah and camped Moseroth
Original Word: מוֹסֵרָה / מוֹסֵרוֹת Transliteration: Moserah or Moseroth Pronunciation: moh-se-RAW / moh-se-ROTH Phonetic Spelling: (mo-say-raw’) Definition: Moserah, Moseroth Meaning: correction or corrections
and derived from the root
מוֹסֵר (moser), meaning:
bond, discipline or bonds of discipline.
There are no direct Greek equivalents for Moserah or Moseroth in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as these are specific Hebrew place names. Moserah (or Moseroth) is a geographical location and The name is associated with the place where Aaron, the brother of Moses and the first high priest, died and was buried.
As the name suggests, Moseroth,
meaning; Correction, bonds or bonds of discipline;
likely served as a place of learning for the Israelites. It was a location where they were reminded of the importance of obedience and faithfulness to God’s commands. In the broader narrative, Moseroth represents the spiritual discipline and growth that the Israelites experienced during their time in the wilderness. Just as the Israelites were being disciplined and taught to trust in God, today we are called to adhere to God’s commandments and to cultivate a disciplined spiritual life. Hebrews 12:11 states, “No discipline seems pleasant at the time, but painful. Later on, however, it produces a harvest of righteousness and peace for those who have been trained by it.
All training involves guidance and correction at various times. The phrase “through the bond of peace” highlights the means by which unity is maintained.
The Greek word for bond, “syndesmos,” suggests:
a ligament or that which binds together.
Paul suggests qualities of humility, gentleness, patience and forbearance and maintaining mutual respect. Fruit of the indwelling Holy Spirit that, when cultivated in the believer’s life, help keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace, in the congregation. He taught extensively in Ephesians 2:11–22 that maintaining such unIty, oneness and peace among believers of decidedly different backgrounds, is possible only because of Messiah’s work of reconciliation.
31They departed from Moseroth and camped at Bene Jaakan.
Numbers 33:31 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִמֹּסֵר֑וֹת וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בִּבְנֵ֥י NAS: They journeyed from Moseroth and camped KJV: And they departed from Moseroth,and pitched INT: journeyed Moseroth and camped Bene-jaakan
Numbers 33:31 HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בִּבְנֵ֥י יַעֲקָֽן׃ NAS: and camped at Bene-jaakan. KJV: and pitched in Benejaakan. INT: Moseroth and camped Bene-jaakan
Bene Yaaqan: Bene Jaakan
Original Word: בְּנֵי יַעֲקָן Transliteration: Bene Yaaqan Pronunciation: beh-NAY yah-ah-KAHN Phonetic Spelling: (ben-ay’ yah-ak-awn’) Definition: Bene Jaakan Meaning: to hack with words, revile, blaspheme and derived from
בֵּן (ben, meaning “son”) and יַעֲקָן (Yaaqan, a personal name).
There is no direct Greek equivalent for Bene Yaaqan, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, related concepts of journeying and encampment can be found in Greek terms like στρατοπεδεύω (stratopedeuō, meaning “to encamp”).
For us today we are encouraged that as part of His family we know that: The lord encamps around those who fear, (reverently respect) Him. Psalm 34:7.
Bene Yaaqan refers to a location named after the descendants of Jaakan, a clan or family group. The name reflects the common practice of naming places after prominent family groups or individuals. The wilderness journey was a formative period for the Israelites, shaping their identity as God’s chosen people and teaching them reliance on divine guidance.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin from ben and Yaaqan Definition “sons of Jaakan,” a place in the desert.
32They moved from Bene Jaakan and camped at Hor Hagidgad.
Numbers 33:32 HEB: וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּחֹ֥ר הַגִּדְגָּֽד׃ NAS: and camped at Hor-haggidgad. KJV: and encamped at Horhagidgad. INT: Bene-jaakan and camped Hor-haggidga
Derived from two Hebrew words: חֹר (chor) meaning:
“hole” or “cave” and
גִּדְגָּד (giddgad),
which is of uncertain origin but is a proper name.
Hole in the cleft.
There are no direct Greek equivalents for Chor Haggidgad, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of wilderness wanderings and encampments can be related to Greek terms used in the Septuagint for similar narratives. The Israelites’ journey through the wilderness, represents a time of testing, reliance on God, and preparation for entering the Promised Land.
The name itself suggests a geographical feature,
possibly a cave or a hollow,
which may have been a notable landmark for the Israelites. For us as we read the scriptures in Exodus 33:22 This verse describes how God promised to protect Moses with His hand while His glory passed by in a cleft of the rock.The “cleft of the rock” is a place of: safety and refuge.
The Hebrew word for “cleft” is “נִקְרָה” (niqrah),
which implies a split or fissure in the rock.
This imagery is powerful, symbolizing: God’s protection and provision which will always be there for us as we walk in obedience to His Word and commands.
33They went from Hor Hagidgad and camped at Jotbathah.
Numbers 33:33 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵחֹ֣ר הַגִּדְגָּ֑ד וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּיָטְבָֽתָה׃ NAS: They journeyed from Hor-haggidgadand camped KJV: And they went from Horhagidgad, and pitched INT: journeyed Hor-haggidgad and camped Jotbathah
Original Word: יָטְבָתָה Transliteration: Yotbathah Pronunciation: yoht-bah-THAH Phonetic Spelling: (yot-baw’-thaw) Definition: Yotbathah Meaning: pleasantness and derived from the root יָטַב (yatab), meaning:
“to be good” goodness or
“to be pleasant/pleasantness.”
There are no direct Greek equivalents for Yotbathah in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a specific Hebrew place name.
As noted, Yotbathah is a place name in the Hebrew Bible, meaning pleasantness or goodness. Yotbathah is described as a location with abundant water resources, which would have been a significant and welcome feature for the Israelites during their desert wanderings. The mention of Yotbathah again highlights the provision and sustenance that God provided for His people in a harsh and arid environment.
The exact location of Yotbathah is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally associated with a region in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula. It is described as being near Ezion-geber. Jotbathah, a place with streams of water in the desert, this foreshadows Messiah Who described Himself as the Living Water. In John 4:14, Jesus says, “But whoever drinks the water I give them will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give them will become in them a spring of water welling up to eternal life.” Just as Jotbathah provided physical water to sustain the Israelites, Jesus/Yeshua provides spiritual water to sustain and give eternal life to believers.
34They moved from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah. Or Ebronah
Numbers 33:34 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מִיָּטְבָ֑תָה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעַבְרֹנָֽה׃ NAS: They journeyed from Jotbathah and camped KJV: And they removed from Jotbathah, and encamped INT: journeyed Jotbathah and camped Abronah
Abronah (עַבְרֹנָה, H5684), deriving from the Hebrew word signifying a crossing or passage,
Original Word: עַבְרֹנָה Transliteration: Abronah Pronunciation: ahv-ro-NAH Phonetic Spelling: (eb-raw-naw’) Definition: feminine of transitional Meaning: Ebronah is derived from the Hebrew root
עָבַר (avar),
meaning: “to pass over” or “to cross.”
There is no direct Greek equivalent for Abronah, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, the concept of
crossing or passage
can be related to Greek words like
διάβασις (diabasis), meaning “crossing” or “passage.”
Abronah likely signifies a place of crossing or passage, reflecting its role in the Israelites’ travels. It was a campsite near Ezion-geber. This place, located near a port city on the Red Sea, marked a significant point in the Israelites’ wilderness journey. The proximity to Ezion-geber, a crucial trading hub, adds to its importance, symbolizing a transition from the desolation of the wilderness to the edge of the Promised Land.
The journey was a formative period for the Israelites, shaping their identity as God’s chosen people. Each encampment, including Abronah, represents a step in their spiritual and physical journey towards the fulfillment of God’s promises. Abronah, specifically, might have symbolized a moment of crossing or transition, reflecting the broader narrative of the Israelites moving from slavery in Egypt to freedom in the Promised Land. This crossing is symbolic of the broader spiritual journey that believers undergo, transitioning from a life of bondage to sin to the freedom found in God’s promises. The story of Abronah underscores the personal relationship between God and His people. God’s guidance through each campsite reflects His intimate involvement in the lives of the Israelites.
For us today, this emphasizes the importance of maintaining a personal and trusting relationship with our Heavenly Father. Knowing that He is personally invested in our journey can bring comfort and assurance. It foreshadows the spiritual journey that we undertake with Messiah as our guide. Yeshua/Jesus leads believers through life’s trials, much like our Heavenly Father led the Israelites through the wilderness.
Just as Abronah represented a crossing for the Israelites, Yeshua/Jesus represents the ultimate crossing for believers. Through His sacrifice on the cross, Messiah made it possible for humanity to transition from:
death to life,
from sin to righteousness.
This spiritual transition is central to our faith and highlights the significance of Yeshua/Jesus’ ongoing role in our lives.
35They departed from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber.
Numbers 33:35 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵֽעַבְרֹנָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֶצְי֥וֹן NAS: They journeyed from Abronah and camped KJV: And they departed from Ebronah, and encamped INT: journeyed Abronah and camped Ezion-geber
Original Word: עֶצְיֹן גֶּבֶר Transliteration: Etsyon Geber Pronunciation: et-see-ohn geh’-ber Phonetic Spelling: (ets-yone’ gheh’ber) Definition: Ezion-Geber Meaning: Etsjon-Geber. Derived from עֶצֶה (etsah, meaning “backbone” or “spine”) and גֶּבֶר (geber, meaning “man” or “strong”) Backbone like of a man, a place on the red sea.
There is no direct Greek equivalent for Ezion-Geber, as it is a specific Hebrew place name. However, related Greek terms might include those referring to ports or harbors, such as
λιμήν (limen, meaning “harbor”).
Ezion-Geber is often associated with a port or harbor on the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba, near the modern city of Aqaba in Jordan.
As noted, the name can be interpreted as backbone of a man, or giant’s backbone, possibly referring to the rugged terrain or the strength of the location as a trading hub. Ezion-Geber was an important port city during the time of the Israelite monarchy. It served as a key location for trade and maritime activities. The city was strategically located on the Red Sea, facilitating trade with regions such as Ophir and Sheba. Archaeological evidence suggests that Ezion-Geber was a center for copper smelting and trade. This city played a significant role in Israel’s history, particularly during the reigns of King Solomon and King Jehoshaphat.
It is also referenced additionally, in1 Kings 9:26 and 2 Chronicles 8:17, it is noted that King Solomon built a fleet of ships at Ezion-geber, which were used for trade and exploration, in the context of joint naval expeditions with King Ahaziah of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah. These expeditions aimed to bring back gold from Ophir, showcasing the strategic importance of Ezion-geber as a trading port.
The significance of Ezion-geber lies in its historical and geographical context within the biblical narrative, serving as:
a tangible reminder of the Israelites’ journey,
the prosperity of Solomon’s reign, and
the alliances formed during the time of the divided kingdom.
Ezion-geber was a crucial port city in ancient Israel, known for its: maritime activities,
trade connections, and
strategic importance in the region.
Its mention in the Bible underscores the historical accuracy and reliability of the biblical accounts, providing valuable insights into the socio-political landscape of the ancient Near East.
36They moved from Ezion Geber and camped in the Wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh.
a desert area which included Kadesh-barnea
Numbers 33:36 HEB: וַיִּסְע֖וּ מֵעֶצְי֣וֹן גָּ֑בֶר וַיַּחֲנ֥וּ בְמִדְבַּר־ NAS: They journeyed from Ezion-geber and camped KJV: And they removed from Eziongaber, and pitched INT: journeyed Ezion-geber and camped the wilderness
Numbers 33:36 HEB: וַיַּחֲנ֥וּ בְמִדְבַּר־ צִ֖ן הִ֥וא קָדֵֽשׁ׃ NAS: in the wilderness of Zin, that is, Kadesh. KJV: in the wilderness of Zin, which [is] Kadesh. INT: and camped the wilderness of Zinthat is Kadesh
6790 Tsin: Zin
Original Word: צִן Transliteration: Tsin Pronunciation: tseen Phonetic Spelling: (tseen) Definition: Zin Meaning: Tsin Derived from an unused root meaning to prick or to pierce, it also means a crag as in a rocky place. There is no direct Greek equivalent for the Hebrew “Tsin” as it is a specific geographical location unique to the Hebrew Bible.The term “Tsin” refers to a desert region in the southern part of ancient Israel.
The Wilderness of Tsin is a significant location in the narrative of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt. It is part of the larger desert area known as the Negev, characterized by its arid climate and sparse, vegetation. The region served as a testing ground for the Israelites, where they faced challenges such as lack of water and food, leading to moments of doubt and rebellion against God. This uncomfortable place in the wilderness experience was crucial in shaping the identity and faith of the Israelite community.
For both groups and individuals, the times of discomfort reveal where and in whom we have placed out trust. When our comfort zone is challenged and things we desire are out of reach due to circumstances beyond our control, to whom do we turn? Crags are usually sharp rocks and one meaning of zin being to prick is often how the enemy will test us and our reactions. We often say it as poking the bear, or pressing our buttons.
The adversary knows our weaknesses and shortcomings often better than we know ourselves; and the Lord allows it so we can see where we need to grow and change and in the process; not allowing those pricking situations to stunt the maturing of spiritual fruit in our lives. Every time we react the devil knows he has won a small victory, so the more we mature in Messiah, the less he will illicit a response from us and he will eventually leave us alone in that area. Developing christlikeness is an ongoing process which will continue until we leave this earth. We are to stay vigilant spiritually because just as Messiah was tempted in the wilderness and won over the devil, we are told he left Him until an opportune time. “Now when the devil had ended every temptation, he departed from Him until an opportune time” Luke 4:13. That opportune time is one when we least expect it and we may be spiritually unprepared or physically tired or both. We are warned: Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. The answer is in His Word 1Peter 5:8 Be sober [well balanced and self-disciplined], be alert and cautious at all times.
Numbers 33:36 HEB: צִ֖ן הִ֥וא קָדֵֽשׁ׃ NAS: of Zin, that is, Kadesh. KJV: of Zin, which [is] Kadesh. INT: of Zin that is Kadesh
Original Word: קָדֵשׁ Transliteration: Qadesh Pronunciation: kah-DAYSH Phonetic Spelling: (kaw-dashe’) Meaning: Kadesh Derived from the Hebrew root
קָדַשׁ (qadash), meaning:
“to be holy” or “to be set apart.”
It also means:
A Sanctuary, a set aside, a set apart person.
There is no direct Greek equivalent for Kadesh in the Strong’s Greek Dictionary, as it is a proper noun specific to the Hebrew Bible. However, the concept of holiness, related to the root of Kadesh, can be linked to Greek words such as
ἅγιος (hagios), meaning “holy” or “sacred.”
Kadesh is a significant location in the biblical narrative, often referred to as Kadesh-barnea. The name itself suggests a place of sanctity or holiness, possibly indicating its importance as a site of divine encounters or significant events. Kadesh-barnea is located in the northeastern part of the Sinai Peninsula, near the border of Canaan. It served as a major encampment for the Israelites during their wilderness wanderings. The site is historically significant as a place of both divine revelation and human rebellion. It was here that Moses sent the twelve spies to scout the Promised Land, and it was also the location where the Israelites grumbled against God, leading to their extended period in the wilderness.
Note here on the name Kadesh:
There are 2 places that are referred to as Kadesh, one was kadesh in the wilderness of Paran, Numbers 13:26, referred to here as Ritthmah but its proper name is Kadesh.
The people stayed at this campsite for 19 years according to Deuteronomy 1:46so you abode in Kadesh many days 19 years according to the days that you abode there.
The other place that is called Kadesh is in Numbers 33:36 where they came on the first day of the fifth month of the 40th year where Miriam died on a new moon and where it was decreed that Aaron and Moses would not enter the land.
37They moved from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom.
Numbers 33:37 HEB: מִקָּדֵ֑שׁ וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בְּהֹ֣ר הָהָ֔ר בִּקְצֵ֖ה NAS: at Mount Hor, at the edge KJV: in mount Hor, in the edge INT: Kadesh and camped Hor Mount the edge
Original Word: הַר Transliteration: har Pronunciation: har Phonetic Spelling: (har) Definition: Mountain, hill, hill country Meaning: a mountain, range of hills a peak in Idumaea, land of Edom and of one in Syria. From an unused root meaning to loom up
ὄρος (oros) – Strong’s Greek 3735: This Greek word is used in the New Testament to denote a mountain or hill, similar to the Hebrew “har.”
It appears in contexts such as the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5:1) and the Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1). The Hebrew word “har” primarily refers to a mountain or hill. It is used throughout the Old Testament to describe physical elevations in the landscape, often serving as significant geographical markers.
Mountains in biblical texts are frequently associated with:
divine encounters,
covenants,
and revelations.
They are places where God meets with His people, such as Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments, and Mount Zion, which holds theological significance as the site of Jerusalem and the Temple.
In ancient Near Eastern cultures, mountains were often seen as sacred spaces, believed to be closer to the divine realm. This cultural perception is reflected in the Bible, where mountains are settings for pivotal events in Israel’s history. The Israelites, like their neighbors, viewed mountains as places of strength and refuge, as well as sites for worship and sacrifice. It is why so many of the heathen idol worshippers built their altars to demonic entities and fallen angels on the tops of hills and mountains; and why God always told His people to destroy the high places of idol worship.
But in the midst of all this idolatry an unidentified man of God prophesied against the altar on the high place, and spoke of a king to come namedJosiah who would destroy the high places. 1kings 13
He removed the high places andsmashed the sacred stones and cut down the Asherah poles. 2 Kings18: 4:-22
The topography of the land of Israel, with its numerous hills and mountains, reinforced this cultural and religious significance.
For us today Paul gives us a warning:
Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind. Col. 2:18.
Because we think of idolatry as an ancient way of worshiping demon gods, we tend to miss the idols in our own life. Idolatry isn’t confined to worshipping a golden statue or praying to trinkets. It’s much broader than that. A helpful definition would be: An idol is when something that, or someone who, becomes more important to us than God and our time and relationship with Him. Regular checkups will help to eliminate ‘idols’ that sneak into our lives.
Mount Hor is a significant location mentioned in the Old Testament, with two distinct references to different mountains.
One is associated with Edom, where Aaron, the brother of Moses, was buried, and the other is a boundary marker in Lebanon.
Mount Hor of Edom
Mount Hor of Edom is most prominently mentioned inNumbers 20:22-29 and Deuteronomy 32:50. This mountain holds a special place in biblical history as the site where Aaron, the first high priest of Israel and brother of Moses, died and was buried.
Numbers 20:22-29 describes the journey of the Israelites from Kadesh to Mount Hor. The Lord commanded Moses to take Aaron and his son Eleazar up the mountain. On the summit, Moses stripped Aaron of his priestly garments and placed them on Eleazar, signifying the transfer of the high priesthood. Aaron then died on the mountain, and the Israelites mourned his death for thirty days. This event marked a significant transition in the leadership of Israel’s priesthood.
Deuteronomy 32:50 also refers to Mount Hor in the context of Moses’ impending death. God instructed Moses to view the Promised Land from Mount Nebo, where he would die and be gathered to his people, similar to Aaron’s death on Mount Hor.
Mount Hor of Lebanon
Mount Hor in Lebanon is mentioned in Numbers 34:7-8 as a boundary marker for the land that the Israelites were to inherit. This Mount Hor served as a northern boundary of the Promised Land, delineating the extent of the territory allocated to the Israelites.
The account of Aaron’s death on Mount Hor underscores the importance of obedience to God’s commands and the orderly transition of leadership. Aaron’s passing and the transfer of his priestly duties to Eleazar highlight the necessity of maintaining spiritual continuity and faithfulness in leadership roles.
For us today, this serves as a reminder that leadership in the church and in life should be conducted with integrity and a focus on God’s instructions; and not our interpretation of them. It also emphasizes the importance of preparing and equipping the next generation to carry forward the work of the ministry. Pauls instructions always include wise cautions.1 Timothy 3:6. 6 He must not be a recent convert, or he may become conceited and fall under the same judgment as the devil. This verse adds one additional qualification to those given for elders in verses one through seven; new believers are not prepared to lead other believers. The Israelites’ mourning for Aaron for thirty days signifies the importance of honoring those who have faithfully served God. In a contemporary context, this encourages believers to show respect and gratitude to those who have dedicated their lives to spiritual leadership and service.
The reference to Mount Hor in Lebanon as a boundary marker for the Promised Land, highlights the significance of God’s promises and the fulfillment of His covenant. It reminds Christians that the Lord God sets boundaries and provides inheritance according to His divine plan. This encourages believers to trust in God’s provision and timing, knowing that He is faithful to fulfill His promises. The detailed instructions given regarding Aaron’s death and the transfer of the priesthood to Eleazar reflect God’s care and attention to leadership transitions. This demonstrates God’s loving concern for the well-being and spiritual continuity of His people.
For us today, it’s reassuring to know that our Heavenly Father is involved in all the details of our lives and leadership transitions. Whether in personal life, church leadership, or other areas, He provides guidance and ensures that His purposes are accomplished through orderly and faithful transitions.
The mourning period for Aaron reflects our Heavenly Father’s understanding and allowance for human grief. It shows that He recognizes the significance of loss, and provides space for His people to mourn and honor the deceased.
Isaiah 53:5-12 Messiah knows our struggles. “He was a man of sorrows, familiar with suffering.” He knows exactly what we are going through. Hebrews 4:15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. These words show the nature and the limits of the sympathy of Messiah. He suffers with His people, not merely showing compassion to those who are suffering and tempted, but taking to Himself what we are going through. He knew loss, for example, when He heard His cousin John had been beheaded. Matthew 14:13
Yeshau/Jesus’ response to John the Baptist’s death is deeply moving and reveals His perspective on John’s ministry and its significance.
Christians today can take comfort in knowing that God is compassionate and empathetic during times of loss and mourning. He offers His presence and comfort, encouraging believers to grieve with hope and assurance of His eternal care.
Mount Hor, with its dual references in the Bible, holds significant lessons and spiritual insights for us today. The events at Mount Hor of Edom highlight the importance of:
obedience,
leadership transitions,
and honoring those who serve God faithfully.
The reference to Mount Hor in Lebanon once again underscores God’s faithfulness in fulfilling His promises and setting boundaries for His people. These biblical accounts also point to deeper connections with God’s loving care and the ultimate fulfillment of His promises in Messiah. Believers are encouraged to:
trust in His guidance,
honor spiritual leaders, and
find assurance in the eternal High Priesthood of Messiah.
Through these lessons, we can continue to draw closer to our Heavenly Father, understanding His involvement in their lives and His faithfulness in all circumstances is a reflection of His involvement in ours.
The mention of Mount Hor in Lebanon as a boundary of the Promised Land symbolizes the fulfillment of God’s promises. In Messiah, believers find the ultimate fulfillment of His promises. Yeshua/Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection secure the eternal inheritance promised to God’s people.
2 Corinthians 1:20 states, “For no matter how many promises God has made, they are ‘Yes’ in Christ. And so through him the ‘Amen’ is spoken by us to the glory of God.”This verse emphasizes that all of our Father’s promises find their fulfillment in Yeshua/Jesus, assuring believers of their inheritance in Him.
Original Word: הֹר Transliteration: Hor Pronunciation: hōr Phonetic Spelling: (hore) Definition: Hor Meaning: Hor Derived from a root word meaning “mountain” or “hill.”There is no direct Greek equivalent for “Hor” as it is a proper noun specific to Hebrew geography and narrative. However, the concept of mountains and significant locations can be related to Greek terms like “ὄρος” (oros), meaning “mountain.“
Mount Hor is traditionally identified with a mountain in the region of Edom, near the border of modern-day Jordan. It holds cultural and religious significance as the place where Aaron, the first high priest of Israel, died and was buried. This event marks a pivotal moment in the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, symbolizing the transition of priestly leadership from Aaron to his son Eleazar.
Num 33:38-39 Aaron was 123 yers old when he died in mount Hor.
Israel arrived at Kadesh where Miriam had died on a new moon in the 1st month of the 40th year. Aaron died exactly 5 months later after they moved to Mount Hor. Aaron died on mount Hor on a new moon of the 5th month of the 40th year.
Again we are to remember that the Israelites’ journey to the Promised Land, with all its camps, ultimately points forward to the greater journey of redemption that is fulfilled in Messiah. Just as our Heavenly Father guided His people through the wilderness, Yeshua/Jesus is the Good Shepherd who leads and guides His followers today. In John 10:27, He said “My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.” Ultimately leading His people to a place of true shalom, rest and blessing. This journey filled with hardship and trials finds its ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua/Jesus, who leads us to the true Promised Land which is eternal life with Him. In Messiah, we find the fulfillment of all our Heavenly Father’s promises, and through Him, we have the assurance that He will guide us safely to our heavenly home.
Hebrews 4:9-10tells us, “There remains, then, a Sabbath-rest for the people of God; for anyone who enters God’s rest also rests from their works, just as God did from His.”
Through Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ, we are invited to enter into God’s rest; a rest that is not merely physical but spiritual and eternal. As we journey through life, with all its challenges and wilderness seasons, we can find shalom, peace and rest in the finished work of Messiah, knowing that He has secured our place in the ultimate Promised Land.
End of Part 4…
Our journey will conclude in Part 5..
Shalom mishpachah/family
and cheverim/friends!
It’s all about Life and Relationship,
NOT Religion.
You are greatly loved and precious in His sight.
NOT SURE?
YOU CAN BE..
SAY THE FOLLOWING FROM YOUR HEART RIGHT NOW…
Heavenly Father I come to you in the Name of Jesus/Yeshua asking for forgiveness of my sins for which I am truly sorry. I repent of them all and turn away from my past.
I believe with my heart and confess with my mouth that Jesus/Yeshua is your Son and that He died on the cross at calvary to pay the price for my sin, so that I might be forgiven and have eternal life in the kingdom of Heaven. Father I believe that Jesus/Yeshua rose from the dead and I ask you to come into my life right now and be my personal Savior and Lord and I will worship you all the days of my life. Because your word is truth I say that I am now forgiven and born again and by faith I am washed clean with the blood of Jesus/Yeshua. Thank you that you have accepted me into your family in Jesus’/Yeshua’s name. Amen.
